unit6WaterPurification..docVIP

Water Purification Part I. Text-Translation： 水是一种自然资源，它在一定限度内被不断更新。众所周知的水循环为自然界净化水提供了许多机会。世界范围内的蒸馏过程使雨水含有空气非挥发性杂质的痕迹，随着气体溶解于空气中。 2、Crystallization of ice from ocean saltwater results in relatively pure water in the form of icebergs. Aeration of groundwater as it trickles over rock surfaces, as in a rapidly running brook, allows volatile impurities to be released to the air【2】. Sedimentation of solid particles occurs in slow-moving streams and lakes. Filtration of water through sand rids the water of suspended matter such as silt and algae. 海洋里的盐水晶化结冰，产生了冰川，这是一种相对较纯的水的形式。在湍急的溪流中，水流在岩石上流淌气化，使其中可会发的不纯物质释放到空气中。在缓慢流淌的小溪或湖中，固体颗粒能够沉降，沙能把水中的悬浮物，如淤泥和藻类等过滤掉。 3、Next, and of very great importance, are the oxidation processes. Practically all naturally occurring organic materials plant and animal tissue, as well as their waste materialsare changed【3】 through a complicated series of oxidation steps in surface waters to simple substances common to the environment. Finally, another process used by nature is dilution. Most, if not all, pollutants found in nature are rendered harmless【4】 if reduced below certain levels of concentration by dilution with pure water. 其次是非常重要的氧化过程。实际上所有自然界产生的有机物，包括动植物组织，以及它们的废料，都能在表层水中通过一系列复杂的氧化过程转变为环境中常见的简单物质。最后，自然界使用的另一过程是稀释。如果能通够过水的稀释而降低到某种浓度标准以下时，自然界不说全部也可说大部分污染物都变得无害。 4、Before the advent of the exploding human population and the industrial revolution, natural purification processes were quite adequate to provide ample water of very high purity in all but desert regions. Nature’s purification processes can be thought of as massive but some what dedicate. In many instances the activities of humans push the natural purification processes beyond their limit, and polluted water accumulates. 在人类人口暴涨和工业革命来临之前，自然净化过程足以为所有地区除了沙漠提供充足的高纯度水源。自然净化过程能被认为规模大，作用小。在许多例子中，人类活动迫使自然净化过程超出了限制，因此水污染加剧。 5、A simple example of nature’s inability to handle increased pollution comes form dragging gravel from stream beds. This excavation leaves large amounts of susp