Section18ImmunityintheFetusandNewborn.pptVIP

13. Immunity in the Fetus and Newborn 13-1 Development of the Immune System The thymus is the first immune organ to develop. The development of secondary immune organs. B cells appear soon after the development of the spleen and lymph node, but antibodies are not usually found until late in fetal life. The ability of the fetus to respond to antigens develops very rapidly after the immune organs appear, but all antigens are not equally capable of stimulating fetal response. The ability to mount cell-mediated immune responses develops almost simultaneously as antibody production. Calf The gestation period of the cow is 280d. The fetal thymus is recognizable by 40d postconception. The bone marrow and spleen appear at 55d. B cells work? Lymph nodes are found at 60d, but Peyer’s patches don’t appear until 175d. Lamb The gestation period of the ewe is about 145d. MHC class I positive cells can be detected by 19d after sex service. MHC class II positive cells can be found by 25d. The thymus and lymph nodes are recognizable by 35d and 50d, respectively. CD4+ and CD8+ cells appear in the thymus by 35 to 38d. Lamb Blood lymphocytes are seen by 32d. B cells are detectable at 48d in the spleen. The Peyer’s patches appear only at 60d. C3 receptors appear by 120d, but Fc receptors don’t appear until the animal is born. Piglet The gestation period of the sow is about 115d. The first leukocyte can be found in the yolk sac and liver at 17d. The thymus develops by 40d postconception. The intestinal lymphoid tissues are devoid of T cells at birth. CD4+T cell appear in the intestine at two weeks of age and CD8+T cells at 4 weeks. IgM+B cells can be found in blood by day 50 during the conception. NK cells don’t develop until several weeks after birth. B cells can be found in the thymus of newborn piglets!!! The VDJ rearrangement is first seen in the fetal liver at 30d. IgM, IgA, and IgG transcripts are present at 50d. Chick 21-day of hatching eggs. Stem cells arise in the yolk