铁路施工课程设计 (2路施工课程设计 (2.docVIP

摘 要 地下工程浅埋暗挖法是王梦恕院士在长期科研与实践的基础上，于20世纪80年代中期创立的，并在北京市地铁工程中首次应用成功。经过近20多年的应用与实践，浅埋暗挖法从基本理论到适用范围及施工方法、工艺均有了进一步的拓展。本文阐述了浅埋暗挖法的基本原理及适用范围，指出了浅埋暗挖法的施工要求和施工原则，对浅埋暗挖各施工方法的施工要点、适用范围及优缺点进行了介绍和比较，并对浅埋暗挖法辅助施工方法的工艺原理及施工工艺加以分析研究，同时阐述了监控量测的目的和主要任务，总结了监控量测方法以及信息反馈技术，还通过工程实例对浅埋暗挖法施工技术进行了解析，最后对浅埋暗挖法施工技术的发展方向提出了完善之处。 关键词：地下工程；浅埋暗挖法；施工方法；辅助工法；监控量测；信息反馈 Abstract The shallow underground mining project is Academician WangMengshu research and practice in the long-term basis, in the mid-20th century, the creation of 80 and in Beijings subway project in the success of the first application. After nearly 20 years of application and practice, shallow excavation from the scope of application of the basic theory and construction methods, techniques have been further expanded. In this paper, shallow mining law and the scope of application of the basic principles of that law of the shallow excavation and construction requirements of the principle of construction, construction of shallow mining methods of the construction elements, application and advantages and disadvantages are introduced and compared to shallow mining law and supporting the principle of construction methods and construction technology to process analysis, also explained the purpose of monitoring and measuring the main task, summed up the methods of monitoring and measurement feedback technology, for example through Construction of shallow mining technology analysis, the final construction of shallow mining technology development direction of the improvement. Key words: underground engineering; shallow tunneling method; construction method; auxiliary method; Monitoring; feedback   目 录 第一章 浅埋暗挖施工技术 1 一、 概述 1 （一）浅埋暗挖法施工要求 2 （二） 浅埋暗挖法施工原则 3 二、 施工方法 4 （一）全断面开挖法施工 4 （二）台阶法施工 5 （三）分部开挖法 8 （四）特大断面施工方法 16 参考文献 20 第一章 浅埋暗挖施工技术 一、 概述 修建浅埋地段隧道时，往往因周围环境等要求必须采用暗挖法施工。浅埋暗挖法是一种综合施工技术，其特点是在开挖中采用多种辅助施工措施加固围岩，合理调动围岩的自承能力，开挖后及时支