挖掘机的实时状态监测..docVIP

摘要 实时状态监测是挖掘机机电一体化的关键技术之一，它能够实现挖掘机工作状态的实时监测，缩短故障停机时间，大大提高挖掘机的经济效益。 本文第一章重点介绍了挖掘机实时状态监测技术的发展和趋势和本设计的目的和意义。第二章着重于怎样构建实时监测系统，并描述了液压挖掘机实时监测系统的相关技术，比如传感器技术、单片机芯片、放大器技术、A/D转换器技术，信号采集与处理技术，以及工况参数的选择等。然后，第三章进行了系统的总体方案设计，包括主要器件选型，包括传感器选型、单片机选型、A/D转换器选型等，通过对主处理器电路的设计与分析，将系统分成数据处理电路、A/D转换电路图、电源电路、显示与报警电路与复位电路五部分，从而确定了系统的功能，并选取能最佳实现该功能的芯片，组成了能实现在线监测状态功能的单片机系统；本章还涉及了如何提高系统的硬件抗干扰能力。最后，第四章通过对数据采集子程序、转速采样程序、A/D采样处理子程序、中断子程序等分段处理，设计了系统的软件部份，同时也提到了系统的软件抗干扰能力。通过本系统的构建，从而证明了使用单片机来测取和存储挖掘机工况参数以供液压挖掘机故障的事后诊断做参考这一方法是完全可行的。 本文重点研究实时状态监测技术，实现单片机与液压挖掘机的融合，使挖掘机操作者和维修人员能动态的掌握挖掘机的状况，及时、准确地排除故障，进而合理、正确、安全地使用挖掘机，实现了液压挖掘机的自动化和智能化，为液压挖掘机故障的事后诊断定位提供了理论基础和新的思路。 关键词：实时状态监测；单片机；传感器；液压挖掘机 Abstract The real-time condition monitor is one of excavator integration of machinery essential technical, it can realize the excavator active status real-time monitor, reduces the breakdown down time, greatly enhances the excavator the economic efficiency. The article first chapter introduced the excavator real-time condition monitor technology development and the tendency and this design goal and the significance with emphasis. Second chapter introduced the emphatically how it constructs the real-time monitor system, and described the hydraulic pressure excavator real-time monitor system related technology, for instance sensor technology, monolithic integrated circuit chip, amplifier technology, A/D switch technology, signal gathering and processing technology, as well as operating mode parameter choice and so on. Then, the third chapter has carried on the system overall plan design, including the main component shaping, including the sensor shaping, the monolithic integrated circuit shaping, the A/D switch shaping and so on, through to the host processor electric circuit design and the analysis, divides into the system the data processing electric circuit, the A/D transformation circuit diagram, the power circuit, demonstrates and the alarm circuit and the replacement electric circuit five parts, thus