《智能电动车毕业设计论文绪论.docxVIP

摘　要随着微电子和计算机技术的发展，电动车的需求量与日俱增。电动车中的驱动电机是主要的部分，直流电机广泛应用于数控机床、工业机器人等机电产品中，其在各个国民经济领域都有应用。研究电动车的控制系统，对提高控制精度和响应速度、节约能源能都具有重要的意义。本系统采用STC89C52单片机作为中心控制器来实现智能电动车的控制功能。整个系统包括：电源控制模块、各种传感器检测模块、电机驱动模块、方向控制模块、数据显示与报警模块。电源控制系统使用低压差的LM2940稳压芯片，采用两路供电，一路单独为单片机供电，另一路提供驱动模块和传感器等的工作电压。在驱动模块里采用了BTS7960作为电机驱动芯片，引脚IN可用于PWM控制，仅用单片机的两个端口给出PWM信号分别控制两个芯片的IN即可实现电机正反转、加减速等动作。系统使用激光模块进行循迹，利用超声波传感器进行避障，首先沿黑线前进，在黑线消失的时候使用寻光模块前进，并在指定位置停车。各个传感器的信号经单片机综合分析处理，对电动车进行实时控制。关键词：电机；智能；循迹；避障；寻光AbstractWith microelectronics and computer technology development, the increasing demands of electric. The drive motor electric is the main part of electric vehicle, continuous current dynamo is widely used for numerical control machine, industrial robots and other mechanical and electrical products, and has applications in various fields of national economy. Research of control system, to improve control precision and response speed, energy saving etc all has important significance.This system adopts STC89C52 chip-centric controller to realize intelligent electric control functions. The entire system including: a power control module, all kinds of sensors detection module, a motor drive module, a direction control module, a data display and altering module. The power control system use a low-voltage LM2940 regulators chip, power supply with two ways one for microcontroller, and another for driving module and sensors etc working voltage. Driver modules we use BTS7960 as motor drive chip, pin IN can be used for PWM controlled, microcontroller only two ports to the PWM signal controlling of IN of two chips can be realized, motor forward and reverse, acceleration and deceleration etc action.The system uses laser module tracing, the use of ultrasonic sensor for obstacle avoidance, first along the black lines, when black lines disappear using search module to find lights the way forward, and stop at a specified location. And the MCU synthetically processes the information from all kinds of sensors, real-time control