DirectspeechandIndirectspeech说课.ppt

直接引语变间接引语 如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。 1.“一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。如： ①.They said, “We will go there by bus.” ?? →They said they would go there by bus. ②.She said “My sister wants to go with me.” ?? →She said (that) her sister wanted to go with her. 2.“二随宾”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如： ①.She said to me, “Are you interested in science?” ?? →She asked me if I was interested in science. ②.He said to Kate. How is your sister now? ?? →He asked Kate how her sister was then. ③.She said, “Your pronunciation is better than his.” ?? →She told me that my pronunciation was better than his. 3.“第三人称不用变”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称一般不需要变化。如： ①.His mother said to me, “He cant go to school.” ?? →His mother told me that he couldnt go to school. ②.Mr Smith said, Jack’s brother is a good worker. ?? →Mr Smith said Jack’s brother was a good worker. 直接引语和间接引语－祈使句 直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，句子的谓语动词要根据语境选用含有祈使意义的动词，如tell, ask, order, advise, remind, request,　suggest, insist等，引语的动词改成不定式．如果祈使句为否定式，在动词不定式前加not． 直引：主语+动词+“祈使句” 间引：主语+动词+to Verb e.g． The teacher said to me, “Come in .” —The teacher told me to go in 。 John said to me , “Please shut the window。” —John asked me to shut the window。 The teacher said to me, “ Don’t be late again.” ---- The teacher advised me not to be late again. He said to me, ”Shut the window, please.” →He asked me to shut the window. 1.如果直接引语为比较客气的请求（其中常用please)时，转变为：ask sb. (not) to do sth.　如： 2.如果直接引语表示的是平等关系的人之间一般的要求时，转变为：tell sb. (not) to do sth. 如： The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking!” →The teacher told the students to stop talking. The officer said, “Go away.” → The officer ordered us to go away. 3.如果直接引语表示的是比较强硬的指令要求（如上级对下级）时，转变为：order sb. (not) to do sth. 如： 用法归纳及注意事项 １．当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，其人称、时间状语和地点状语等的变化还应根据陈述句直接引语变间接的方法进行相应地改变。如: One of the doctors said ,”Let me go on with the operation, Dr. Smith.” → One of the doctors asked Dr. Smith to let him go on with the operation.