初中宾语从句详细讲解与练习材料.doc

宾 语 从 句 导入： 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。 在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如：? I know the man.而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如：? I know that the man is a policeman. ? 主句 引导词 从句 宾语从句三大块: 1. 引导宾语从句引导词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3.时态。 一.宾语从句的引导词 1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 如： My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。 She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1. I know … 2. She says … 3. Tell your friend …（that） 2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如： (1) Is Jim a good student? 　I don’t know I don’t know if /whether Jim is a good student. (2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know? Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early? 用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know … 2.I want to know … 3.The teacher asks …if/whether 注意：一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换， 只能用whether不用if 的三种情况 ①与or not连用： Let me know whether you can come or not. ②在介词之后： It depends on whether it is going to rain. ③在不定式之前： We haven’t decided whether to go there. 3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。（连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义）。 如： 1.What is she doing? Can you tell me? Can you tell me what she is doing? 2.Where does she live? Do you know? Do you know where she lives? 用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know … 2.I want to know … 3. Can you tell me … What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with? 二.宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分” 句式 连词 语序 例句 陈述句 That 不变 I think that we can be good friends. 一般疑问句 if/whether 改为陈述语序 I can’t remember if I posted the letter. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 改为陈述语序 Please tell us when we’ll go fishing . 注意: (一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变： What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? eg:I don’t know what’s the matter. Can you tell me who is over there? 三.宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是__任何___时态。I don’t think (that) you are right.Please tell us where we’ll go fishing tomorrow. Do you know when Mr. Smith m