〈新〉第十六章 非谓语动词.docVIP

第十六章 非谓语动词 非谓语动词的定义 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。 非谓语动词的分类 ① ② ③ ④ 详解 不定式的使用 翻译并指出其担任的句子成分(使用不定式结构) ①十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。 ①灰心意味着失败。 ②她的工作是打扫大厅。 ③马克思发现研究俄国的情况是很重要的。 ④我有一个要出席的会议。 ④他找到了一个居住的好房子。 ④你要送什么东西吗？ ④他第一个来到这儿 ⑤He worked day and night to get money. ⑤她卖掉了自己的头发来买那条表链。 ⑤为了省钱，他使出了浑身解数。 注意： 判断下列句子 To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. 为了学好英语，他需要一本词典。 ⑥He arrived late only to find the train had gone. 不定式的句子功能 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ 　　 动名词的使用 基本形式 一般式 （谓语动词同时发生） doing being done 完成式 （谓语动词发生之前） having done having been done  功能①： Reading aloud is very helpful. 集邮很有趣。 功能②： In the ant city, the queens job is laying eggs. 功能③： They havent finished building the dam. 我们发现取笑他人不好。 功能④ Is there a swimming pool in your school? 动名词的完成时：表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生时， 1、I don’t remember _____. A. ever to be saying　B. to have ever said　C. having ever said that D. ever said that 2. 我后悔做了这样的事。 动名词的被动式1、No one avoid _____ by advertisements.　　A. influenced　 B. influencing　 C. to influence　 D. being influenced 2、Susan was very unhappy for not _____ to the party.　 　A. to be invited　 B. having been invited　C. inviting　 D. to have been invited 不定式和动名词的一些区别： 1. remember/forget/regret +to do +doing Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room. I remember turning off the lights when I left the room. I forgot seeing her before but she remembered seeing me. 2. stop +to do停下来做另一件事 +doing停止做原来的事 Every half an hour my uncle would stop to have a smoke. As soon as Bob saw me, he stopped talking to his girl friend and came over. 3.try+to do努力做 +doing试一试做 I have tried to make friends with him, but he doesn’t like me. If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door or windows. 4. go on to do go on doing 特别注意的是，动名词作介词to的宾语时，极易与不定式结构混淆。这类词组有： get down to（开始认真处理）, pay atte