第二十癌基因和抑癌基因.ppt

17. 野生型P53基因 是抑制基因 一定情况下,能启动细胞自杀 编码蛋白有转录因子作用 能抑制解链酶活性 与复制因子A相互作用,参与DNA的复制与修复 18. Rb基因的特点 A 位于13q14 B 含27个外显子 C 编码产物 105KD D 转录产物 4.7kb E 全长 20 kb 19. Which is oncogene expression product? A GTP binding proteins B DNA binding proteins C tyrosine protein kinase D growth factors E cytoskeletal proteins 20. The activation ways of proto-oncogene are A point mutation B gene translocation C gene amplification D protein phosphorylation E obtaining promoter 人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力， 明辨是非的能力。 所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读， 古人说“书中自有黄金屋。 ”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识， 培养逻辑思维能力； 通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平， 培养文学情趣； 通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。 有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操， 给我们巨大的精神力量， 鼓舞我们前进。 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Regulation of the cell cycle 4. DNA Repair – DNA repair prevents the accumulation of mutations – Defects in DNA repair genes leads to genomic instability – Accelerates the activation of oncogenes and the loss of tumor suppressors – Many cancer prone syndromes associated with defects in DNA repair, BRCA1, ATM, MRE11, NBS, Functions of Tumor Suppressor genes ? A small proportion of breast cancer is heritable. Two genes are associated with predisposition to breast cancer. – BRCA1 on chromosome 17 – BRCA2 on chromosome 13 ? Normal function of both is in repair of ds DNA breaks. Breast Cancer Tumor Suppressors Tumor suppressor genes – inhibit oncogenes – suppress proliferation – Induce cell death – repair DNA – prevent mutation ? These are “loss of function” or recessive mutations. ? Responsible for hereditary forms of cancer ? Being heterozygous enhances the probability of cancer but this will require a mutation in the corresponding other allele. e.g., it need to be homozygous for the gene. p53 A transcription factor that regulates genes controlling cell division and cell death. Important in the cellular response to DNA damage. Aids in decision between repair and induction of cell death. Rb Functions by altering transcription factor activity. Contributes to the c