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浅谈软土地基的危害及处理方法[摘要]随着科学技术的发展，促进了我国多方面事业的发展。在交通事业中，尤其是在道路与铁道工程施工中对地基的处理是十分重要的，通过土木工程专业课的学习我们知道地基处理的对象是/view/1194229.htm \t _blank软弱地基和/view/8515253.htm \t _blank特殊土地基。假若基层位于软土/search?word=%E8%B7%AF%E5%9F%BAfr=qb_search_expie=utf8 \t _blank路基上，在重型/search?word=%E8%8D%B7%E8%BD%BDfr=qb_search_expie=utf8 \t _blank荷载的反复作用下，路基土有可能挤入/search?word=%E5%BA%95%E5%9F%BA%E5%B1%82fr=qb_search_expie=utf8 \t _blank底基层，降低了路基的强度，从而导致路面的破坏。为了避免这种现象的发生，本文针对目前公路、铁路路基工程中软基处理的施工方面的问题进行综述，同时介绍了软土/view/4529946.htm \t _blank地基的处理方法以及如何改善其地基条件，并且对换土垫层法进行了详细的叙述。Abstract With the development of science and technology, Promoting the development of various undertakings in China. In transportation industry, especially in road and railway engineering construction of foundation treatment is very important, through the civil engineering specialized course of study we know the foundation treatment of the object is a special soil foundation and soft ground. If base on the soft soil roadbed, under the heavy load repeatedly function, may in subgrade soil subbase, reduce the strength of subgrade, causing the destruction of the pavement. [12] In order to avoid the occurrence of this phenomenon, this article in view of the present construction of the soft ground treatment in highway, railway subgrade engineering problems were reviewed, at the same time introduces the processing methods of soft soil foundation and how to improve the conditions of its foundation, and exchange soil cushion method has carried on the detailed narration.[关键词] 软土地基 危害 软基处理方法 换土垫层法 Soft soil foundation正文1.软土地基的概念简单来说，软土地基是指强度低，压缩量较高的软弱土层。软土的成因一般认为是由于/search?word=%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%BA%AAfr=qb_search_expie=utf8 \t _blank第四纪后期/search?word=%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%A8%E6%B0%B4fr=qb_search_expie=utf8 \t _blank地表水所形成的沉淀物质，多分布在海滨、湖滨、河流沿岸等地势低洼地带，地表常年潮湿或积水。所以地表往往有大量喜水植物，由于这些植物的生长和死亡，使软土中含有较多的有机物，主要由粘土和粉土等细微颗粒含量多的松软土、孔隙大的有机质土、泥炭以及松散砂等土层构成。我国的《建筑地基基础设计规范》（GBJ7－89）中明确规定：“软弱地基是指主要由淤泥、淤泥质土、/view/1111351.htm \t _blank冲填土、杂填土或其它高压缩性土层构成的地基”。[1]2软土地基的危害我们知道土/