护理干预对预防心内科老年患者跌倒及坠床的价值.docVIP

护理干预对预防心内科老年患者跌倒及坠床的价值 　　[摘要] 目的 探讨护理干预对预防心内科老年患者跌倒及坠床的临床价值。 方法 选择患者200例，分为两组，各100例，观察组针对跌倒和坠床进行护理干预，对照组则为实施特殊护理干预，比较两组患者发生跌倒和坠床事件比例，并统计两组整天护理满意度。 结果 观察组发生跌倒和坠床事件比例均显著低于对照组（P0.05），观察组满意度为96.0%，显著高于对照组的81.0%（P0.05）。结论 针对老年心内科患者跌倒及坠床进行针对性护理，能显著减少跌倒和坠床率，提高护理满意度，值得临床重视。 　　[关键词] 护理;心内科;老年;跌倒;坠床 　　[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616（2015）02-105-03 　　Nursing intervention to prevent the falls and falling out of bed in elderly patients of cardiology 　　LIN Yuanyuan 　　Department of Cardiology， the First Peoples Hospital of Shenyang City， Shenyang 110041， China 　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of nursing intervention to prevent the falls and falling out of bed in elderly patients of cardiology. Methods 200 cases were divided into two groups， each 100 cases， the observation group were used the nursing intervention for falls and falling out of bed， the control group were implemented without special nursing intervention，then were the proportion of falls and fall-bed incident rate and satisfaction were compared. Results There were incidents of falls and falling out of bed proportion in the observation group were significantly lower than control group（P0.05）， satisfaction with the observation group was 96.0%， it was significantly higher than 81.0% in control group（P0.05）. Conclusion Nursing intervention to prevent the falls and falling out of bed in elderly patients of cardiology can significantly reduce the rate of falls and falling out of bed， it can improve care and satisfaction， so it is worthy of attention. 　　[Key words] Nursing; Cardiology; Elderly; Fall; Falling out of bed 　　跌倒是指患者无法有效控制自身或无意的倒在地上，但不包括受到外力冲击、失去意识和突发癫痫等原因引发的倒地[1]。心内科大部分患者为老年人，受住院环境的变化与疾病影响，容易发生跌倒[2]。跌倒会导致老年人出现伤残甚至死亡主要原因之一，严重影响其身心健康和生活质量。坠床主要是因患者自行下床或侧身取物造成。患者在将床栏移除后滑落地面，会造成臀部、肩背部、膝盖和头面部等损伤甚至加重病情[3]。因此要将床旁整洁干净，并在地面都铺设胶垫，避免因跌床造成严重后果。可根据患者用药后产生的焦躁情绪加强护理措施。实施约束、地面及光线情况都会是影响患者跌床的因素，且其成本要求不高，因此针对这类问题采取必要措施，如安置床头灯、增加防滑垫等都能有效降低意外事件的发生率[4]。过去护理人员主要是根据自身经验对老年患者跌倒进行预防评估，容易出现护理干预滞后与欠缺的情