代词用法讲解复习教学设计.doc

代词用法讲解复习教学设计 疑问代词的用法 1)疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个: 指人:who,whom,whose 指物:what 既可指人又可指物:which 2)疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。what,which,whose还可作限定词。试比较: 疑问代词:Whose are these books on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的? What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? 美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的? 限定词:Whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的? What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国? 说明1: 无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如: Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘? What girls do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘? 说明2: Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom,例如: Whodid you meet on the street? 你在街上遇到了谁? Whoare you taking the book to? 你要把这书带给谁? To whom did you speak on the campus? 你在校园里和谁讲话了? 说明3: 疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如: For what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么? What are you looking for? 你在找什么? 说明4: 疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如: I can’t make out what he is driving at. 我不知道他用意何在。 Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed? 你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗? Much of what you say I agree with,but I cannot go all the way with you. 你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。 指示代词的用法 1)指示代词分单数和复数两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如: 单数? 复数 限定词:This girl is Mary.Those men are myteachers. 代? 词:This is Mary. Those are my teachers. 2)指示代词的句法功能; a. 作主语 This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。 b. 作宾语 I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个甚至那个。 c. 作主语补语 My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。 d. 作介词宾语 I don’t say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。 There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。 说明1: 指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人,例如: That is my teacher. 那是我的老师。 He is going to marry this girl. 他要和这个姑娘结婚。 He is going to marry this. I bought this.