英语北师版（福建专用）一轮课件：语法专题10定语从句.pptx

语法专题十　定语从句--考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一?关系代词与关系副词的区别　关系代词有who,whom,which,that和whose,另外,as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有when,where和why,在定语从句中充当状语。1.who指人,在定语从句中做主语或宾语。(2013湖南)Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths.幸福和成功经常属于那些善于认识自己长处的人--考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七2.whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。Do you know the boy(whom) we met at the gate?你认识我们在门口碰到的那个男孩吗?3.which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。(2014安徽)The exact year(which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.安杰拉和她的家人在中国共同度过的确切年份是2008年。--考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七4.that 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。She is the pop star(that) I want to see very much.她就是那位我非常想见的明星。(2014江西)Among the many dangers(which/that) sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog.在海员们要面对的许多危险中,最严重的可能就是雾。--考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七5.whose可指人或物,修饰名词或代词,在定语从句中充当定语。“whose+名词”可改为“the+名词+of which/whom”或“of which/whom the+名词”。(2015四川)The books on the desk,whose covers are shiny,are prizes for us.桌子上的这些书是给我们的奖品,它们的封面很亮。(2014山东)A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.国内市场利润下降的公司会寻求到国外发展的机会。--考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七The house whose windows are very large is my uncle??s.=The house of which the windows are very large is my uncle??s.那个窗子非常大的房子是我叔叔的。6.as可指人也可指物,在定语从句中做主语、宾语或表语。(1)引导限制性定语从句,先行词前常有as,the same,so,such修饰,且在从句中做主语、宾语或表语时,关系代词要用as。It was so difficult a problem as nobody in my class could work out.(as做work out的宾语)这个问题很难以至于我们班里没有人能解出来。注意:so/such...that结构中,that引导结果状语从句,只起连接作用,不充当从句的任何成分。--考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七It was so difficult a problem that nobody in my class could work it out.(work out 已经有宾语,that只起连接作用)(2)as可以引导非限制性定语从句,代指整个主句的内容,从句中常用的谓语动词为see,say,hear,expect,know,report等,常译为“正如,正像”,其引导的从句可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。(2015江苏)The number of smokers,as is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.正如所报道的,吸烟者的数量在仅仅一年中下降了百分之十七。 --考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七7.when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语。其先行词是表示时间的名词time,day,week,year,month等,常用on which,in which,at