《第三次实验.docxVIP

数字图像处理第三次实验实验五图像变换与滤波器设计一、实验目的了解傅立叶变换、离散余弦变换及Radon变换在图像处理中的应用了解Matlab线性滤波器的设计方法二、实验内容傅立叶变换傅里叶变换基本操作I =imread(at3_1m4_04.tif);imshow(I);title(源图像);J = fft2(I);figure, imshow(J);title(傅立叶变换); %频移JSh = fftshift(J);figure, imshow(JSh);title(傅立叶变换频移);%直接傅立叶反变换Ji = ifft2(J);figure, imshow(Ji/256);title(直接傅立叶变换);%幅度JA = abs(J);iJA = ifft2(JA);figure, imshow(iJA/256);title(幅度傅立叶反变换);%相位JP =angle(J);iJP = ifft2(JP);figure, imshow(abs(iJP)*100);title(相位傅立叶反变换); 利用MATLAB软件实现数字图像傅立叶变换的程序I=imread(‘mri.tif’); %读入原图像文件imshow(I); %显示原图像fftI=fft2(I); %二维离散傅立叶变换sfftI=fftshift(fftI); %直流分量移到频谱中心RR= _____real(sfftI)____________;取傅立叶变换的实部II= ______imag(sfftI)____________; %取傅立叶变换的虚部A=sqrt(RR.^2+II.^2);%计算频谱幅值A=（A-min(min(A))）/(max(max(A))-min(min(A)))*225; %归一化figure; %设定窗口imshow(A); %显示原图像的频谱原图：图A：绘制一个二值图像矩阵,并将其傅立叶函数可视化。f=zeros(30,30);f(5:24,13:17)=1;imshow(f,notruesize)F=fft2(f);F2=log(abs(F));figure,imshow(F2,[-1 5],notruesize);colormap(jet); F=fft2(f,256,256); %零填充为256×256矩阵figure,imshow(log(abs(F)),[-1 5],notruesize);colormap(jet); F2= _____ffshift(F)____________; %将图像频谱中心由矩阵原点移至矩阵中心figure,imshow(log(abs(F2)),[-1 5],notruesize);colormap(jet);利用傅立叶变换分析两幅图像的相关性，定位图像特征。读入图像‘eurotext.tif’，抽取其中的字母‘a’。bw=imread(eurotext.tif);a=bw(177:203,424:444);imshow(bw);figure,imshow(a);C=real(ifft2(fft2(bw).*fft2(rot90(a,2), 800,1024)));%求相关性figure,imshow(C,[]);thresh=max(C(:));figure,imshow(Cthresh-10)figure,imshow(Cthresh-15)将字母找出来并擦黑。离散余弦变换(DCT)使用dct2对图像‘autumn.tif’进行DCT变换。RGB=imread(autumn.tif);imshow(RGB)I=rgb2gray(RGB); %转换为灰度图像figure,imshow(I)J=dct2(I);figure,imshow(log(abs(J)),[]),colormap(jet(64));colorbar;将上述DCT变换结果中绝对值小于10的系数舍弃，使用idct2重构图像并与原图像比较。RGB=imread(autumn.tif);I=rgb2gray(RGB); %转换为灰度图像J=dct2(I);figure,imshow(I)K=idct2(J);figure,imshow(K,[0 255])J(abs(J)10)=0; %舍弃系数K2=idct2(J);figure,imshow(K2,[0 255]) 利用DCT变换进行图像压缩。I=imread(cameraman.tif);I=im2double(I);T=dctmtx(8);B=blkproc(I,[8,8],P1*x*P2,T,T);mask=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0 01 1 1