《英语翻译翻译技巧从句.docVIP

二、翻译技巧从句的译法1、名词从句2、定语从句3、状语从句1、名词从句英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词从句的连接词有：*从属连词：that : 无词义if 和whether：是否*连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever 等，它们既起连接作用，本身有词义又在从句中起代词的作用。*连接副词：when, where, why, how 等，它们既起连接作用，本身有词义又在从句中起副词的作用。1）主语从句的译法英语主语从句有两种形式：a. 从属连词、连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句，从句在主语谓语之前方法：一般可以按原语序译出Whether the materials could stand the test is still a question. 这些材料能否实验合格，还是个问题。EX. Who will preside at the seminar has not yet been decided. 由谁来主持这次研讨会还没有决定。我们的计划如有任何改变，将另行通知。Whatever changes we make in our plan will be announced later. b. 以it 作形式主语引出的主语从句方法1：it 不译出来，顺译为无人称句。It is reported that a new-type computer is coming to the market very soon. 据报道，一种新型计算机将很快进入市场。方法2：it 如表示强调可译出，否则不必译出。如：It doesn’t seem likely that he will be here. 他来的可能性似乎不太大。It is a fact that the United States always interferes in the internal affairs of other countries. 美国总是干涉别过内政，这是事实。2）宾语从句的译法方法1：英语的大多数宾语从句在汉译时，一般按原句的语序译出。Clinical observation showed that acupuncture treatment for eczema has a better therapeutic effect than Chinese drugs. 临床观察表明针灸治疗湿疹比中药治疗的疗效好。方法2：宾语从句有时也可逆着原文语序译出，一是可以使译文通顺，二是可以强调宾语。Heredity alone cannot explain why some people are left-handed and some people are right-handed. 为什么有些人惯用左手而有些人惯用右手，单靠遗传学也不能作出解释。方法3：以it 作形式宾语的句子，that 引起的宾语从句一般采用顺译法，it 不译。We have made it clear to the whole world that we’ll never behave like a superpower. 我们已向全世界表明，我们永远不做超级大国。新闻发布会取消了，我们都感到很遗憾。We all thought it a pity that the press conference should have been cancelled. 3）表语从句的译法标语从句的位置总在系动词之后，由that, what, why, how, when, where, whether 等连词、连接代词和连接副词引导。方法：和大多数宾语从句一样，表语从句一般按原句的语序译出。我们想要知道的是我们何时能有一个多媒体实验室。What we want to know is when we can have a multimedia laboratory. 4）同位语从句的译法同位语从句是用来说明它前面的某个名词（先行词）的内容，通常由连词that 引导的从句。需要指出的是，that 引导的同位语从句与that 引导的定语从句有以下区别：*先行词的不同定语从句或同位语从句前面都有先行词。引导定语从句的that 是用来指代表人或务的先行词，但引导同位语从句的that 所指的只是一些表示抽象概念的名词。如：answer, assumption, conclusion, concept, doubt, evidence, fact, hope, idea, notice, observation, problem, proof, question, rumor