CriticalReviewofLanguageLearningStrategiesinEFLDevelopment.docVIP

CriticalReviewofLanguageLearningStrategiesinEFLDevelopment 　　【Abstract】This article is a critical review of the development of language learning strategies （LLS） in EFL. It reviews the theoretical framework of language learning strategies and empirical research. Based on the review，it critically discusses the implications and limitations of the framework and research behind the construction of the theory. 　　【Key words】Language learning strategies； implication； limitation 　　1. Introduction 　　Strategies are “operations employed by learners to aid the acquisition，storage，retrieval and use of information，specific actions taken by the learner to make learning easier，faster，more enjoyable，more self-directed，more effective and more transferable to mew situations” （Oxford，2001）. From this conception，learning strategies studies mainly focus on learners’ performance and how learning strategies facilitate learning performance. There is a growing interest from the 1980s and early 1990s in investigation on how language learners monitor their language learning，and research has been carried out to describe the behavior and thoughts process by language learners （Chamot，2005）. 　　Studies on language learning strategies （LLS） mainly focus on learners’ language learning behaviors and processes. This trend of study is determined by the shift of teacher-centered language study on methodologies to learner-centered learners learning behaviors study. The results of studies are used to facilitate language learners’ learning. Therefore，studies on language learning strategies are mostly carried out from the perspective of language learners. 　　2. Theoretical framework of LLS 　　Language learners’ performances are studied mainly descriptively. Language learners’ behaviors and thoughts process are observed and tracked to discover strategies language learners use in their learning process. Characteristics of “good language learners” are identified by comparing the strategies used by succ