重慶大学2015-3-302015年英语系C文献综述—模板(英文).docVIP

附件C： Literature review 1. Introduction Just as Hofstede (2001) said “culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy; cultural differences are a nuisance at best and often a disaster” (p. 23). For those who work in international business, it is sometimes amazing how different people in other cultures behave. We tend to have a human instinct that deep inside of all people are the same, but they are not in effect. Therefore, understanding cultural differences is often considered a prerequisite for successful international business. (这部分就是引言，大概介绍一下你的研究背景。无需太长) 2. Review of cross-cultural theories 2.1 Hofstede’s five dimensions of culture Just as Hofstede (2001) said “culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy; cultural differences are a nuisance at best and often a disaster” (p.23). For those who work in international business, it is sometimes amazing how different people in other cultures behave. We tend to have a human instinct that deep inside of all people are the same, but they are not in effect. Therefore, understanding cultural differences is often considered a prerequisite for successful international business.(中间的几部分类似正文(body)部分，主要包括国内外研究现状(Review of History and Status Quo of…)，即前人的研究总结；同时要指出他们研究的问题(Problems of…)所在，他们的问题所在就是你论文的切入点，或者你的补充（贡献）) （这部分也可以写前人研究中的Contradictions and Disputes of…；你可以在回顾前人的矛盾争议后，提出自己的解决之道（Solutions and Methodologies）；你也可以支持矛盾争议的一方，反驳另一方。） According to Hofstede (2001), “each culture must deal with questions that can be resolved according to a series of dimensions, which results in a unique gestalt for each society, depending on the intensity of its tendency towards one or another end of each culture dimension spectrum” (p.34). The Five Dimensions are Individualism Uncertainty avoidance index Power distance index Masculinity Long-term orientation Individualism focuses on the degree the society reinforces individual or collective achievement and interpersonal relationships. Uncertainty