广德县农村养老的调查情况与分析思考(可编辑).docVIP

摘 要 当今社会，我国人口老龄化正在以我们想象不到的速度和程度快速发展着。在农村，家庭养老自古以来就是农村养老的一种主要方式，但随着我国实施的计划生育政策以来，农村的生育率一定程度上降低了，子女数量减少了，家庭“四二一”结构开始逐渐增多。随着农村人口大量的外出务工、独生子女在离父母比较远的城市生活等种种原因导致赡养脱离，农村老年空巢率不断提高，不断对农村老年人口的经济来源和生活水平产生影响。因而，农村养老成为了一个亟需解决的重要的社会问题。 本论文依据管理学的一些理论知识、公共政策学知识以及关于养老的社会保障知识，以自己家乡广德县为例，通过入户调查的形式，发现目前广德县农村老年人养老存在三个大问题：家庭养老依然是主要的养老方式，社会养老还没有被广大老年人熟悉和认可；农村地区普遍经济水平不高，收入来源大部分依靠家庭和子女，生活质量不高；政府支持解决养老问题的力度不够，农村社会保障制度不完善、老年人的医疗保障水平不高、老年人福利服务设施不健全。并以此提出激活农村土地的保障功能；大力发展农村经济；弘扬传统孝文化；发展社区服务实行农村社区居家养老模式；建立养老专业化服务队伍；加大建设养老服务设施力度；发挥并完善政府在农村社会保障制度中作用等七个方面的对策和建议。 关键词：广德县；农村地区；养老模式 Abstract Nowadays,the aging of population in our country has the speed and degree of rapid development that we can’t imagine.In rural areas,family support is the mainly mode of old people’s support.However,with the implementation of one-child policy,it reduced the fertility rate,decreased the number of children and the “4-2-1” family structure has been becoming more and more..There are many problems result in the rural elderly empty nest rate increasing fast,such as a large number of young people who are old people’s children to go to big cities to find works.It has an effect on the economic source and living standards of the rural elderly population.So,the rural old-age has become a important social problems that need to solve. This paper will be based on some theoretical knowledge of management, public policy study and the social security pension.Taking Anhui Guangde as an example,through the visit to survey form to find three big problems about the rural elderly endowment in Guangde.Family endowment is still dominant, social endowment has not yet formed a wide range of social psychological basis; Rural areas widespread economic level is not high, most sources of income depend on family and children, the poor quality of life; Government support is not strong enough to solve the problem of endowment, rural social security system is imperfect, the elderly health care level is not high, the elderly w