Unit 4直接引语[精选].pptVIP

* * 直接引语变间接引语的五点变化 引用别人的话有两种方式，一种是讲述别人的原话， 并把它放在引号里，这叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话来 转述别 人，并且不能用引号，这就是间接引语。直接引语1和间接引语 之间可以互相转换。 时态的变化。直接引语变为间接引语时，若主句为 过去时态，变为间接引语的宾语 从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即：一般现在时变为 一般过去时，一般将来时变为过去将来时，现在进行 时变为过去进行时，现在完成时变为过去完成时，一般 过去时变为过去完成时(若直接引语为过去完成时，变为 间接引语时，可以不变)，情态动词 can, may 等分别变为 could, might 等。如：“It will rain soon,” he said.→He said that it would rain that night. “She can→He said that it would rain that night. →He said that she could speak French. 注：① 若直接引语为客观真理，则变为间接引语时时态不变。如： The teacher said, “The earth turns around the sun.”→The teacher said that the earth turns around the sun.② 有时直接引语有特定 的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时时态可不变。如： He said, “My son was born in 1995.”→He said that his son was born in 1995. (2) 时间状语的变化。直接引语变间接引语时，有些时 间状语也要相应的改动： now 现在 then 那时，当时 today 今天 that day 那天 tonight 今晚 that night 那天晚上 this week (month, year) 本周(本月,今年) that week (month, year) 上周(上个月，去年) yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天 the day before yesterday 前天 two days before 前两天 last week (month, year) 上周(上个月,去年) the week (month, year) before 前一周(前一个月，前一年) ( two days (years) ago 两天(年)前 two days (year before 两天前 tomorrow 明天 the next day 第二天 next week (month, year) 下周(下个月,明年) the next week (month, year) 第二个星期(月，年) He said, “She left yesterday.”→He said that she had left the day before. She said, “I’ll tell you tomorrow.”→ She said that she would tell me the next day.He said, “It happened two days ago.”→He said that it had happened two days before. 注：以上变化有时应视 情况而定，若在当时转述，now 不必改为then； 若在当天转述，today, yesterday, tomorrow等不必改 为that day, the day before, the next day等； 若在当周转述，this week, last week 不必改为that week, the last week；若在当年转述，this year, last year 不必改为that year, the last year等。 (3) 代词的变化。在直接引语变为间接引语时，有些代词也 要作 相应的变化，如指示代词this 和these通常变为that和those。有时人称代词 也要根据情 况作 适当调整。如： “I like these better than she does,” he said to me.→He told me that he liked those better than she did.注：若场所和地点不发生改变， this和that也可不变。 4) 地点状语的变化。主要涉及的地点状语是 here，它在间接引语中通常要变 为there：：“I live here now,” he said.→H