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Pre-Class Tuesday 9-3-13 What are the four states of matter? Chapter 3 Kinetic Theory of Matter All matter is made up of particles Particles are always in motion. Particles interact with each other. As the temperature increases, the particles move faster. If the motion of particles of matter increase enough, the matter may change phase or state. Changing Phase (State) Gas Evaporate (heat of vaporization: the amount of energy needed to turn liquid into gas, different for every material) Liquid Melt (heat of fusion: the amount of energy needed to turn solid into liquid, different for every material) Solid Heat Curve PHASE LAB Each group needs: Hot plate Thermometer Beaker Ice Record the temperature of the ice every 2 minutes as it changes state from solid to steam Graph temperature vs. time Pre-Class Wednesday 9+4=13 In the lab yesterday, what happened to the temperature after the water began to boil? Hint: look at the picture below. Pre-Class Thursday 9-5-13 Thinking back to the presentation by our guest speaker yesterday, name (and briefly describe) one thing you learned about applying science in the Army. States of Matter Solid: rigid structure, definite shape and volume Liquid: fast moving particles, indefinite shape but definite volume Gas: faster moving particles, indefinite shape and volume Plasma: gas that conducts electricity Changing States Melt: changes from solid to liquid Evaporate: changes from liquid to gas Desublimate (or deposition): changes from gas to solid Condense: changes from gas to liquid Freeze: changes from liquid to solid Sublimate: changes from solid to gas FLUID PRINCIPLES Bernoulli as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure inside of the fluid decreases Pascal pressure is evenly distributed throughout a fluid Archimedes the buoyant force is equal to the volume of the fluid displaced Pre-Class Friday 9-6-13 Which of the following uses Bernoulli’s principle? Buoyancy Flying Boat Toothpaste P = F / A P : pressure (Pa) F : for