ppt课件-feedprocessing-universityofarizona.pptVIP

Feed Processing Lecture 9 ANS 336 2/9/2001 Processing To Make a profit Reduces cost by improving feed efficiency Improve production from better utilization Increase intake To alter particle size Easier to consume – pelleting, cubing Range feeding, reduce fines, reduce selection, improve handling efficiency. More digestible Purpose of Processing To Change moisture content To make is safe for storage, improve palatability, more digestible, to prepare for other processes. (steaming, rolling,flaking) Two ways to remove moisture Aeration with heat Aeration without heat For safe storage Hay (loose) 25 % Baled 20-22 % Chopped 18-20 % Cubes 16-17 % Purpose of Processing - Moisture Addition of water to ensile grains Best at 30 % moisture Addition of water to rations to improve palatability and improve mixture uniformity. Improve intake High ambient temperature. Purpose of Processing To change density (weight per unit of volume) Reduce transportation charges Bulky to control intake Increase density to increase amount consumed. Dairy cows increased energy and protein needs in transition period but reduced intake. Flaking reduces density but improves surface area of the grain for improved digestibility. Purpose of Processing To change Palatability (acceptability) hence feed intake. Adding to improve: molasses, flavors, fats Adds nutrient content while improving intakes Adding to limit consumption: salt Palatable in limited quantities but in excess very limiting. Animals on pasture or range need limiting factor on free choice of minerals and some feeds Purpose of Processing To change nutrient content Adding Iron Milk fed over an extended period of time Adding vitamins Antibiotics Fats Protein Sugar coating cereal Purpose of Processing To increase nutrient availability and digestibility. Milo, rolled, dry ground or not processed has close to the same nutrient content of Corn. Less available - starches represent 70-80% of the total dry matter appears to less avail