ppt课件-introductiontotheengine-cengagelearning.pptVIP

? 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Introduction to the Engine Chapter 15 Objectives Explain the principles of internal combustion engine operation Identify internal combustion engine parts by name Describe the function of engine parts Introduction First chapter of this gave a basic description of engine operation This chapter covers more in-depth information Later chapters cover firing orders, valve adjustment, oil pressure testing, etc. Basic Engine Operation Simple reciprocating engine parts Cylinder and piston Connecting rod and crankshaft Spark-ignited internal combustion engine Fuel must be an easily vaporized liquid or flammable gas When air-fuel mixture compressed and burned it pushes the piston down in a cylinder Turns a crankshaft that powers the vehicle Basic Engine Operation (contd.) Flywheel Bolted to rear of crankshaft Weight blends power pulses into one continuous crankshaft output Cylinder head Has intake valve port for each cylinder Allows air and fuel into the cylinder Exhaust valve port allows burned gases to flow out and is sealed by a poppet valve Valve is opening controlled by the camshaft Four-Stroke Engine Operation Piston travel Upper limit is top dead center Lower limit is bottom dead center Piston strokes Intake Compression Power Exhaust Intake Stroke Characteristics Gasoline will not burn unless mixed with air Crankshaft turns and pulls the rod and piston down into the cylinder Creates a low-pressure suction Atmospheric pressure pushes air-fuel mixture Stoichiometric mixture: 15:1 air to fuel ratio Air volume: measured at standard temperature and pressure of 25°C at sea level Individual cylinder volume Engine displacement divided by cylinders Intake Stroke (contd.) One mole of air is one ounce One mole of nitrogen is 28 grams One mole of oxygen is 32 grams One pound of air takes up 98 gallons Slightly less than two 55-gallon drums Engine displacement measured in cubic centimeters or liters Convert cubic centimeters to inches: divide