maintaininga balance part3- year11 chemistry（maintaininga part3——year11化学平衡）（34页）.docVIP

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2017-01-19 发布于湖南
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maintaininga balance part3- year11 chemistry（maintaininga part3——year11化学平衡）（34页）.doc

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Maintaining a Balance: Part 3 - Regulation of Substances 9.2.3 Plants and animals regulate the concentration of gases, water and waste products of metabolism in cells and interstitial fluid. Explain why the concentration of water in cells should be maintained within a narrow range for optimal function. Explain why the removal of wastes is essential for continued metabolic activity. Identify the role of the kidney in the excretory system of fish and mammals. Distinguish between the processes of active and passive transport and relate these to processes occurring in the mammalian kidney. Explain how the processes of filtration and reabsorption in mammalian nephron regulate body fluid composition. Outline the role of the hormones aldosterone and ADH (anti-diuretic hormone), in the regulation of water and salt levels in the blood. Define enantiostasis as the maintenance of metabolic and physiological functions in response to variations in the environment and discuss its importance to estuarine organisms in maintaining appropriate salt concentrations. Describe adaptations of a range of terrestrial Australian plants that assist in minimizing water loss. Students: Use available evidence to explain the relationship between the conservation of water and the production of concentrated nitrogenous wastes in a range of Australian insects and terrestrial mammals. Analyse information from secondary sources to compare and explain the differences in urine concentration of terrestrial mammals, marine fish and freshwater fish. Perform a first –hand investigation of the structure of a mammalian kidney by dissection, use of a model or visual resource and identify the regions involved in the excretion of waste products. Gather, process and analyse information from secondary sources to compare the process of renal dialysis with the function of the kidney. Present information to outline the general use of hormone replacement therapy in people who cannot secrete aldosterone.