settlementand consolidation- universityof florida（settlementand整合——佛罗里达大学）（6页）.docVIP

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settlementand consolidation- universityof florida（settlementand整合——佛罗里达大学）（6页）.doc

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settlementand consolidation- universityof florida（settlementand整合——佛罗里达大学）（6页）

1-25-00, Settlement and Consolidation Ref: Principles of Geotechnical Engineering, Braja M. Das, 1994 Coastal Engineering Handbook, J.B. Herbich, 1991 Topics: Effective Stress Compression and Consolidation Process Settlement Categories Preconsolidation Condition Calculation of Primary Consolidation Settlement Time Rate of Consolidation --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Effective Stress Total stress at point A below the soil surface is equal to (1) the stress carried by the water in the continuous void spaces (i.e. pore water pressure, u) and (2) the stress carried by the soil solids at their points of contact (i.e. the soil skeleton). Approximately the effective stress (?) where where a is the fractional surface area of solids (usually a1 for all practical conditions) so rearranging and subtracting the pore pressure (, i.e. hydrostatic pressure) , where Compression of soil layers due to stress increase by construction of foundations or other loads. Compression is caused by: Deformation of soil particles Relocation of soil particles Expulsion of water or air from void spaces Consolidation - Process the reduction of bulk soil volume under loading due to flow of pore water. For saturated soils, any increment of loading (??, called surcharge) will be initially taken up by the pore pressure and result in consolidation until a new equilibrium is reached where the soil solids (or skeleton) takes up the added load. surcharge: For cohesive soils: at t = 0, ; t=(, For non-cohesive soils: water drains faster and the load is transferred immediately Categories: Immediate settlement - elastic deformation of dry soil and moist and saturated soils without change to moisture content due to high permeability, pore pressure in clays support the entire added load and no immediate settlement occurs generally, due to the construction process, immediate settlement is not im