RFCoilDesign.pptVIP

Time-Domain Finite-Element Finite-Difference Hybrid Method and Its Application to Electromagnetic Scattering and Antenna Design Shumin Wang National Institutes of Health Organization of the Talk Introduction Time-Domain Finite-Element Finite-Difference (TD-FE/FD) hybrid method Theory Numerical stability and spurious reflection Implementation of TD-FE/FD hybrid method Mesh generation Sparse matrix inversion Numerical examples Introduction Problem statements: antennas near inhomogeneous media Full-wave simulation methods: Integral-equation method Finite difference method Finite element method Finite Difference Method Finite-difference method Taylor expansion Finite-difference approximations of derivatives Applicable to structured grids: spatial location indicated by index Application to Maxwell’s equations: discretization of the two curl equations or the curl-curl equation Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Method Staggered grids and interleaved time steps for E and H fields An explicit relaxation solver of Maxwell’s two curl equations Advantage: efficiency Disadvantage: stair-case approximation Finite-Element Time-Domain (FETD) Method Both the two curl Maxwell’s equations and the curl-curl equation can be discretized The curl-curl equation is popular due to reduced number of unknowns The first step is to discretize the computational domain: mesh generation Cube Tetrahedron Pyramid Triangular prism Finite-Element Time-Domain (FETD) Method Expanding E fields by vector edge-based tangentially continuous basis functions Enforcement of the curl-curl equation Strong-form vs. week-form Weighted residual and Galerkin’s approach Partition of unity The final equation to solve Motivation of the Hybrid Method FETD vs. FDTD: Advantages: Geometry modeling accuracy Unconditionally stability Disadvantages Mesh generation Computational costs Hybrid methods: apply more accurate but more expensive methods in limited regions TD-FE/FD Hybrid Method Hybrid method: FETD i