职业健康及环境安全__培训课件.pptVIP

* 2000年3月,国家经贸委安全生产局颁布《劳动防护用品配备标准（试行）》，目的是指导用人企业合理配备、正确使用劳动防护用品，保护劳动者在生产过程中的安全和健康，确保安全生产。 在标准的编制说明第八条规定：本标准要求为一部分工种的作业人员配备防尘口罩，纱布口罩不得作为防尘口罩使用。 * “Chemical filters are usually made with activated carbon or chemically modified activated carbon which has adsorptive and/or reactive properties against certain gases and vapors. What makes activated carbon so unique is that it has millions of tiny micropores of molecular dimensions capable of trapping workplace within the carbon structure.” “Particulate filters are made of different types of materials, such as: fiberglass, animal wool fibers or in modern respirators of synthetic micro-fibers treated with electrostatic charges.” “Electrostatic charges attract particulate materials, such as dusts, mists or fumes, very efficiently. This efficiency allows filters to be made of thinner filtering materials with less resistance to breathing , while achieving the efficiencies required to exceed government certifications. The big advantage of electrostatic filter materials is that when you breathe with greater ease the respirator you wear will feel more comfortable.” * The overall effect of the four collection mechanisms depends on a variety of factors, including the particle size, the air velocity, and the fiber diameter, among other things. The combination of forces results in this characteristic curve. Very small particles are affected strongly by diffusion and are collected with high efficiency. Very large particles are captured by sedimentation and impaction. There is a middle size range in which the particles are too small to be strongly affected by impaction, yet too large to be strongly affected by diffusion. In this range the dominant capture mechanism is interception. Consequently, there is a minimum collection efficiency that typically occurs near 0.3 mm. This is commonly referred to as the “Most Penetrating Particle Size” (MPPS) for a filter. Note that the exact value of the MPPS depends on the nat