ImageProcessing2-Fundamental-bwz要点.pptVIP

Adjacency We consider three types of adjacency: 4-adjacency: two pixels p and q with values from V are 4-adjacent if q is in the set N4(p) 8-adjacency : p q are 8- adjacent if q is in the set N8(p) m-adjacency: p q with values from V are m-adjacent if q is in N4(p) or q is in ND(p) and the set N4(p)?N4(q) has no pixels with values from V Adjacency Mixed adjacency is a modification of 8-adjacency and is used to eliminate the multiple path connections that often arise when 8-adjacency is used. V={1} 8-adjacency m-adjacency Connectivity Connectivity between pixels is important: Because it is used in establishing boundaries of objects and components of regions in an image Two pixels are connected if: They are neighbors (i.e. adjacent in some sense -- e.g. N4(p), N8(p), …) Their gray levels satisfy a specified criterion of similarity (e.g. equality, …) V is the set of gray-level values used to define adjacency (e.g. V={1} for adjacency of pixels of value 1) Path Path(通路) A sequence of adjacent pixels. For example: a path from pixel p with coordinate (x, y) to pixel q with coordinate (s, t) is defined (x0, y0)，(x1, y1)，…，(xn, yn) Where (x0, y0) = (x, y)，(xn, yn) = (s, t), (xi, yi) and (xi-1, yi-1) are adjacent, 1 ≤ i ≤ n, n is called the length of the path. If (x0, y0) = (xn, yn), the path is a closed path(闭合通路). We can define 4-, 8-, and m-path depending on the type of adjacency. Path Connected Set and Region Definitions: Let S represent a subset of pixels in an image. Two pixel p and q are said to be connected (连通) in S if there exists a path between them. For any pixel p in S, the set of pixels that are connected to it in S is called a connected component（连通分量） of S. If it only has one connected component, then set S is called a connected set(连通集). Let R be a subset of pixels in an image. We also called R a region(区域) of the image if R is a connected set. The boundary(边界，或边缘、轮廓) of a region R is the set of pixels in the region that