GMPLSOverview讲解.ppt

NSN Trans Protection Training/shanlai.mu GMPLS Overview IPT NGM Shanghai ESW4 DongPengfei History General Agenda IP Packet Switch与MPLS Label Switch 路由表(RIB)与转发表(FIB) 静态配置或动态路由计算得出的由目的地址和下一跳组成的表项 FIB表是RIB表的子集，经过优选后写入硬件进行转发决策 路由表的形成 直连路由，混沌初开 静态路由，上帝说要有光，于是便有了光 动态路由，我们说着同样的语言； IGP与BGP IGP中距离矢量与链路状态，传直接的路由，还是传间接的链路状态 链路状态协议OSPF 一个接口标识一条链路，一条链路连接一个网络 接口地址标识网络 32位掩码地址标识一个节点，此时路由器与主机在网络中的角色一样,通常配置在loopback接口上，这种接口是逻辑上的不会进行实际的转发 邻居(Neighbor)发现与DR选举 使用OSPF HELLO报文进行邻居发现 HELLO报文使用保留组播地址224.0.0.5发往本广播域的所有路由器 DR选举的作用是在Multi-Access网络（Broadcast或NBMA）中避免形成N*(N-1)个邻居 邻接(Adjacent)关系的形成 An adjacency is established in four general phases: Neighbor discovery. Bidirectional communication. This communication is accomplished when two neighbors list each others Router IDs in their Hello packets. Database synchronization. Database Description, Link State Request, Link State Update, and Link State Acknowledgement packets (described in a later section) are exchanged to ensure that both neighbors have identical information in their link-state databases. For the purposes of this process, one neighbor will become the master and the other will become the slave. As the name implies, the master will control the exchange of Database Description packets. Full adjacency. Neighbor State Down Attempt Init 2-Way. ExStart Exchange. Loading Full 路由器角色及典型网络拓扑 一条链路up的路由收敛过程 1.接口UP，生成直连路由，loopback路由 2.OSPF 向自己所有邻居进入EXSTART状态协商M/S 3.M发起Exchange DD 数据库描述的过程 4.发现LSDB不同的路由器发起LSRequest，产生链路变化的路由器回LSUpdate 5.其它路由器进行路由计算，生成路由表，FIB表 LSA类型 1 Router LSA (internal router) 2 Network LSA(DR) 3 Network Summary LSA (ABR) 4 ASBR Summary LSA 5 AS External LSA 6 Group Membership LSA 7 NSSA External LSA 8 External Attributes LSA 9 Opaque LSA(link-local ) OSPF路由器角色和LSA Opaque LSA(link-local ) Sub-TLV Type Length Name 11 8 Link Local/Remote Identifiers 14 4 Link Protection Type variable Interface Switching Capability Descriptor variable S