PositiveandNegative讲解.pptVIP

正说与反说 汉英翻译技巧  在C-E翻译时，对原文某个词语或句子既可采用正说，也可采用反说。 他是外乡人。 He is a stranger here. He is not a native. 黄鼠狼给鸡拜年，不怀好心。 The weasel goes to pay respects to the hen not with the best of intentions. The weasel pays a courtesy visit to the hen with evil intent. 他的解释不能让人满意。 His explanation is far from satisfactory. 　　正说与反说互相转换的现象很多，转换的主要原因有以下三种： 一、汉英两种语言的习惯用法不同： 油漆未干 Wet paint 在收据尚未签字以前不得付款。 Before the receipt has been signed, the money must not be paid. 男儿有泪不轻弹，皆因未到伤心处。 Men only weep when deeply hurt. Men never weep unless and until deeply hurt. 如果没有他的帮助，我早就失败了。 But for his help, I should have failed. 二、为了加强语气以便获得较好的修辞效果 这个惨痛的历史教训，我们一定要永远记取， 引以为戒。 No one must ever forget this bitter lesson and we must all take warning from it. 我们的国家兴旺发达，后继有人。 Our country is flourishing and has no lack of successors. 三、为了更加确切地表达原文含义。 他这几年一直是全勤。 He has never missed a day’s work for years. 正如没有经历过大事的人一样，他是经不起成功也经不起失败的。 Like those of little experience, he was easily elated by success and deflated by failure. 英语中含否定或半否定语气的词语 含否定语气的词语： 1、动词：fail, miss, lack, ignore, refuse, withhold, refrain (from), neglect, deny, overlook, exclude等。 他看了看桌子上的点心，摇了摇头，一点也不吃。 He ran his eyes over the refreshments on the table but shook his head and refused to touch anything. 他不发表意见，听任其他人在那里夸夸其谈。 Withholding his opinion for the moment, he listened to others holding forth. 2. 名词：absence, failure, refusal, neglect, ignorance, exclusion等。 他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。 His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident. 我完全不知道他的计划。 We are in complete ignorance of his plan. 3、形容词和形容词短语：few, little, free from, far from, safe from, short of等等。 这次演出根本没有失败，而是十分成功。 The show was far from being a failure, it was a great success. 4、副词和副词短语：little, otherwise, too…to等等。 他显然有不同的想法。 He evidently thinks otherwise. 5、连词：unless, before, until, rather than, or等等。 不了解这一点，就不能得到起码的知识。 Unless we grasp this point we shall