《英语测试》复习笔记.docxVIP

此文是作者学习《英语测试》一书的学习笔记， 该书是英国剑桥大学语言学学习系列丛书中的一本，是语言测试必备的教科书之一， 是语言测试命题的指导性用书，非常经典。不过笔者认为书名（Writing English Language Tests)最好译成《英语测试题命制》。W riting Eng l i sh Lang uag e Tests. Introduction to lang uag e testing 1 .1 Testing and teachingto reinforce learning and to m otivate the s tudent or prim arily as a means of assessing the student’s perform a nce in the lang uag e .2 W hy test?The evaluation of student performance for purposes of comparison or selection is only one of the functions of a test. The a im of the c la ssroom test is different from that of the ex ternal ex am ination.3 W hat should be tested and to w hat standard?M odern descriptive g ra m mars, Latin-based prescriptive g ram mars 1 .4 Testing lang uag e sk i l l sfour skills: l i s tening , l i stening and speaking , reading and w riting .In many s i tuations w here Eng l i sh i s taug ht for g eneral purposes, these skills should be carefully integ ra ted and used to perform as many g enuinely com m unicative ta sks as possible.Questions w hich test the ability to understand and respond appropriately to polite requests, advice, instructions, etc. w ould be preferred to tests of reading a loud or telling stories.In the w ritten section of a test, questions requiring students to w ri te letters, memos, reports and messag es w ould be used in place of many of the more traditional com positions used in the past.In l i stening and reading tests, questions in w hich students show their ability to ex tract specific information of a practical nature w ould be preferred to questions testing the comprehension of unimportant and i rrelevant details.A bove a l l , there w ould be no rig id distinction draw n betw een the four different skills as in most traditional tests in the past, a test of reading no being used to provide the basis for a related test of w ri ting or speaking .The traditional test ma y tell us relatively l i ttle about the student’s g eneral fluency and ability to