(CCH06CPUscheduling.pptVIP

Dispatch Latency To keep dispatch latency low ,we need to allow system calls to be preemptible.为降低分派延迟,需要允许系统调用被抢占 One is to insert preemption points in long-duration system calls.一种方法是在长系统调用中插入抢占点 Another method for dealing with preemption is to make the entire kernel preemptible. All kernel data structures must be protected through the use of various synchronization mechanisms.另一种方法是使得整个内核可被抢占,但所有内核数据结构必须通过各种同步机制加以保护 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Dispatch Latency Priority inversion：the higher-priority process needs to read or modify kernel data that are currently being accessed by another.如果较高优先级进程需读或修改正在被另一个低优先级进程所访问的内核数据,高优先级进程需要等待低优先级进程的完成.这种现象称为优先级倒置 Priority-inheritance protocol：all the processes that are accessing resources that the high-priority process needs inherit the high priority until they are done with the resource in question. when they are finished, their priority reverts to its original value优先级继承:(正在访问高优先级进程所需资源的)低优先级进程继承高优先级,直到相关资源处理完毕,它们的优先级再返回原来的值. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Thread Scheduling User-level threads are managed by a thread library,to run on a cpu, user-level threads are mapped to an associated kernel-level thread by a lightweight process(lwp).用户级线程要运行的话,需通过LWP映射到某个内核级线程 Local Scheduling – How the threads library decides which thread to put onto an available LWP. （局部调度– 线程库怎样决定将哪个线程列入有效的轻量级线程） Global Scheduling – How the kernel decides which kernel thread to run next. （全局调度 – 内核怎样决定下一个运行的内核线程） Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一个四道作业的操作系统中，设在一段时间内先后到达6个作业，它们的提交时间和运行时间见下表 作业号 提交时间 运行时间 JO