英语论文Abtract.pptVIP

Abstract Abstract Type Abstract Structure Suggestion for Writing Abstract Abstract Type Descriptive Abstract Only basic content of the paper, not enough detail information Informative Abstract A condensed report of the paper. Key points and most important detail information of the paper. Descriptive + Informative Abstract Most abstracts are both descriptive and informative. Descriptive Abstract Pros: Short, Concise, Easy to write Cons: Less information Informative Abstract Pros: More information Cons: Long, Difficult to write Descriptive + Informative Abstract Notice the balance between concision and details. Paper oriented abstract Focus on ‘paper’ Research oriented abstract Focus on ‘research’ Abstract Structure 1.Background 2.Problem 3.Objective 4.Method 5.Finding or Results 6.Conclusion or Inference (Evaluation) 7.Recommendation 8.Paper structure 1.Background: Not necessary, especially in short abstract. Present tense in most case. Present perfect tense for research trend. E.g. …has been the universal choice to analyze … 2.Problem: General problem Specific problem Present tense in most case. 3.Objective: Purpose, aim, objective (1) Paper oriented ( present tense ) When analyze some problem, propose new demonstration, method or technology. E.g. The paper presents/proposes a … The purpose of the paper is … In this paper, we provide/discuss/focus on … words: paper, report, thesis, dissertation (2) Research oriented ( past tense ) When propose results of experiments or investigations. E.g. The objective of this research/experiment was to … The aim of this study was … In this study, … was studied/examined/investigated to… Words: study, research, investigation, experiment… 4.Method Past tense for experiment procedure or method. Present tense for mathematic model, algorithm or analysis method/technology. Problem + Objective in a long sentences Main clause for problem, phrases for objective. E.g. … (problems) must be solved to get (objective)… Main clause for