pedigree charts-lhsbiocaine（血统charts-lhsbiocaine）（5页）.docVIP

Pedigree Charts All living things have pedigrees. A pedigree is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance (phenotype) of a particular genetic trait, as it is passed from one generation to the next in a given family. From this information, along with an understanding of inheritance, genotypes of individuals can often be determined. Part 1: How to make a Pedigree Chart. Symbols: 1. Boxes represent males. ? 2. Circles represent females. O Note: Filled in squares and circles indicate particular traits expressed in those individuals Relationships: 3. A horizontal line connecting a male and female indicates a mating. a. A vertical line from this type of horizontal line indicates offspring. b. If there are several offspring, indicate this by a second horizontal line with a vertical line extending from it for each offspring. Oldest to youngest 4. Twins are indicated as shown below. Identical Fraternal Space the offspring at equal distances along this second horizontal line for neatness. Here are some common symbols and their meanings: Where two families intermarry, the corresponding generations should always be in line with each other. Generations should be numbered at the left of the chart ( using Roman numerals). This simplifies any explanations you will make. If there has been a divorce or other circumstance which has produced a person with multiple spouses, the chart is completed as shown below. Now, follow the story, and make the appropriate pedigree chart. This is the story of Grandma and Grandpa Flipnob, and their clan! They were married way back in 1933, and have been just like newlyweds ever since. From their union, 4 individuals were created. Elizabeth, the eldest, was born in 1935. Fred soon followed in 1936. In 1939 Michelle was brought into this world. Mickey (a surprise to the whole family was the baby of the family, not being born until 1950. Elizabeth fell in love at a young age, and wed her high school swee