从扪虱而谈简.谈魏晋风度.docVIP

从“扪虱而谈”简论魏晋风度 摘 要 扪虱而谈因为王猛“谈当世之事，扪虱而谈，旁若无人”的典故，被后世之人视之位“名士风度”的典范。扪虱而谈体现出来当时吃药喝酒、宽衣解带的特殊生活习性,展示了当时士人风流潇洒、不拘小节的豪放气度。魏晋士人否定两汉的传统价值观，提倡任性自然、风流潇洒的人生态度，在越名教任自然、对事从容镇定、寄情于丰富的文化生活等各方面展现出魏晋风度。魏晋士人这种不谙政事、恬淡自若的风气也间接塑造了魏晋士人的性格，也同时使这成为一个特有的区别于任何时期的时代。不管后人对其褒贬如何，它特有的士人性格、名士风度、人文气息都将深深地影响后世。 关键词：扪虱而谈；魏晋；风度；任诞 ；雅量； 清谈 From lice and talk of simple talk about the poise of wei and jin dynasty ABSTRACT About the WangMeng because of the lice talk about contemporary things, about the stuff of lice allusion, be future generations on a brilliant manners model. The children about the lice reflected at that time to take medicine drink, with special solution of off life habit, show the wind was looking, and informal bold and unconstrained bearing. The han wei and jin dynasty negative the traditional values of advocate natural, romantic and natural and unrestrained wayward attitude of life, the more members in any natural, to the matter calmly calm, representing the cultural life of the rich in the wei and jin dynasty show good manners. The philistines in the wei and jin dynasty, indifferent to politics for curbing climate also shape the indirect and character, also make it become a special different from any period of time. No matter how the later generations to Fitzgerald, its special character, the manner, culture are still deeply influence will later ages. Key words：lice and talk of ；Wei jin ；poise ；willful indulgence；grand bearing ；an empty talk 目 录 引言： 4 1、“扪虱而谈”的起源 5 2、虱子盛行于名士的合理缘由 6 3、魏晋风度在各个方面的表现 7 3.1魏晋风度之率性和洒脱，“越明教而任自然”。 7 3.1.1名教危机 7 3.1.2竹林七贤越名教 8 3.1.3豪放洒脱任性自然 9 3.2魏晋风度之从容镇静，处变不惊、恢宏不凡 11 3.3魏晋风度之文化生活，纵情山水、喜欢清谈、热爱文学 12 3.3.1寄情山水、回归田园 12 3.3.2清谈 13 3.3.3文学成就 14 4、魏晋风度反应的士人心态 15 参考文献： 17 引言： 魏晋风度主要讲述在战乱频仍的魏晋时代，士人们打破两汉以来传统的礼教价值观，追求不以物累、风流潇洒、任性自然的生活态度。魏晋之后无数士人为之憧憬向往，到鲁迅时首先提出魏晋风度这个词语，到近代有许多知名的史学家对这一段历史加以研究，在《魏晋二十讲》里面收录了冯友兰、李泽厚、余英时、唐长孺等一批知名人士关于魏晋风度的论文，马怀良的《魏晋风度研究》在思想文化方面加强了对魏晋风度的探索。前人的研究已深入魏晋风度