应用佛学论.文：救心与救世：章太炎应用佛学研究.docVIP

应用佛学论文：救心与救世：章太炎应用佛学研究 【中文摘要】章太炎是我国近代的一位伟大的国学大师,他学贯中西,思想博大精深,在经学、子学,史学、佛学等领域都有着独特的造诣。他对佛学的研究是他思想发展的一个高峰,在此基础上,逐步形成了独具特色的应用佛学体系。章太炎的应用佛学思想建立在其佛学思想特别是法相唯识学思想体系的基础之上,是他运用极具批判性的佛学这一思想武器,批判中国现实社会,批判中国传统文化的一种理论实践。这一理论实践在社会现实层面上包括无神论和宗教批判,无我论,国民道德观,俱分进化的历史观和人性论,五无世界社会观等,在思想文化层面上包括以佛解老庄,以佛释儒,以佛评判诸子百家,以及由此形成的儒释道三家融合的思想体系。章太炎的应用佛学是晚清佛学伏流发展的最高阶段,它在批判中传承,在传承中批判,紧紧围绕近代中国反帝反封建、挽救民族危亡的时代主题,大声疾呼,救心救世,把应用佛学的经世致用特色发挥到极致。它与同时代其他佛学家的佛学思想不同之处在于:它不仅在理论上建立了以“真如”、“阿赖耶识”为本体以“万法唯识”为核心的圆密的哲学思想体系,实现了形而上的“求是”;而且,以此为基础,展开了对传统文化以及社会现实的理性批判,实现了形而下的“致用”。它的伦理道德倾向和政治批判色彩不仅为当时国家和社会现实的变革和革命提供了理论依据,而且为回应西学的挑战做出了积极的贡献。尽管由于时代的局限,他的应用佛学体系没有引起必要的时代回应,但毕竟是一次返本开新的伟大尝试,这个伟大尝试深刻体现了他的理论深度和人格高度,至今仍具有深刻的现实意义。 【英文摘要】ZHANG is a great sinology master in modern China , he learned Chinese and Western very broadly, his thought was profound, especially in classical studies, sub-science, history, Buddhism and other areas has a unique attainments. His study of Buddhism was a peak during the whole period in the development of his thought, on this basis, a unique application of Buddhist system was gradually formed and developed. The application of Buddhist Thought was established on Buddhist thought, especially in its Dharmalaksana and Consciousness-only school. On the basis of ideology, there was a practice that he used the highly critical ideological weapon of Buddhism to criticize the China抯 social reality, the theory of traditional Chinese culture. The critical in theory and practice is levels in social reality, including atheism and religious criticism, “without miself on”, national morality, “double side evolution of history and human nature points”, “the view of five non-world society”, etc., In the ideological and cultural level, the critical including the Buddhist interpretation of Taoism,the Buddhist interpretation of Confucianism, the Buddhism judges to various schools, and the resulting fusion systerm of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism ideology. ZHANG抯 application of Buddhism came to the highest stage in the