Progrmming Languages.ppt.pptVIP

CS101 Introduction to ComputingLecture 19Programming Languages During the last lecture … We continued our discussion on algorithms that we had started during the 16th lecture In particular, we looked at the building blocks that are used in all algorithms We also discussed the pseudo code and flowcharts for particular problems In addition, we outlined the pros and cons of those two techniques Last time we discussed what to implementToday we are going to discuss the tool that is used to implement SW Today’s Lecture To understand the role of programming languages in computing To understand the differences among low- high-level, interpreted compiled, and structured object-oriented programming languages Programming? The process of telling the computer what to doAlso known as coding Types of Programs? Batch Programs These are typically started from a shell (or automatically via a scheduler) and tend to follow a pattern of:  Initialize internal data Read input data Process that data Print or store results Key feature: No user interaction with the computer while the program is running Examples? Event-Driven Programs Examples? GUIs, microwave, camera The system sends events to the program and the program responds to these as they arrive. Events can include things a user does - like clicking the mouse - or things that the system itself does - like updating the clock. These programs generally work as follows:  Initialize the internal data Wait for events to arrive Identify an incoming event and react accordingly ProgrammingLanguage? A vocabulary and set of grammatical rules for instructing a computer to perform specific tasks All programs consists of: Sequence of instructions Conditionals Loops These may contain: Data Input/output (print, etc) Operations (add, divide, etc) Examples of ProgrammingLanguage? Machine LanguageAssembly Language (1956-63)LISP (1956)Fortran (1957)COBOL (1959)PL/1(1964)BASIC (1964)Pascal (1970)Smalltalk (1972)C (