dynamics- bergen county technical schools（动力学-卑尔根县技术学校）.docVIP

Dynamics Introduction While kinematics allows us to describe motion, dynamics lets us determine how that motion will change. Dynamics is grounded in our intuition of how the world works, but reaches beyond that intuition. It represents an approach that turns out to be so valuable that it can be described as the very foundation of physics. It is the first step in our journey to describe nature in a way that reaches beyond our common sense. We all developed our common sense about how the world works based on the instincts and understandings that have allowed humans to survive on this planet for so many years. Those understandings have served us well throughout that time and they are correct within their context. If they were not, we could not have relied on them to survive. However, as we strive to extend our understanding beyond what is necessary to survive, we will find that we need to question some of the very ideas that we have relied upon. Concepts that seem very familiar, such as force, mass, etc. will be revisited and defined in very precise ways that allow them to be used to understand our universe in a new way. While doing this, you will still need to maintain your intuition about how things work. You will not be asked to discard those intuitions. In fact, we will rely on your making use of them. But you will need to flexible enough to reach beyond them to grasp their deeper meaning. Inertial Reference Frames The framework that will be developed in this chapter is built on Newton’s three laws of motion. Those laws were developed to work in inertial reference frames; the same reference frames that were discussed in the last chapter. An inertial reference frame is anyplace that is not accelerating. For instance, if you are sitting in a room reading this book, you can consider yourself in an inertial reference frame. Similarly, if you are in a car driving at a constant velocity on a smooth road, you are also in an inertial reference frame