高分子化学MR.ppt

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Introduction Theory Instrumentation Application of Proton NMR NMR — Introduction NMR — Introduction This is a picture of a 7.0 Tesla superconducting magnet from an NMR spectrometer. （1） Induction Effect Coupling constant of different type hydrogen （1）Same carbon H 2JHH 10～15Hz  EX：CH4 J=-12.4Hz Vicinal carbon H 3JHH 6～8Hz  Ex：CH3CH2OH J=7Hz （2）Vinyl vicinal coupling Jtrans (12～18Hz) Jcis (6～12Hz) E.g.： （3）Aromatic hydrogen Jo=6～9.4Hz Jm=1.2～3.2Hz Jp=0.2～1.5hz （4）Long range couplingH-C=C-CH3 4Jtrans=0.5～2.5Hz  4Jcis=0.5～2.0Hz The proton in the same carbon of double bond are chemical equivalent, but not magnetic equivalent. The two hydrogen nucleus in CH2 of dissymmetry carbon are not equivalent. The protons of unfree rotation single bond are not equivalent. E.g.: the two protons in R-CO-NH2, The adjacent proton of benzene ring maybe not equivalent. E.g.: 2,6H and 3,5H in toluene. Classification of Spin System n+1 Rule Analysis Application of Spectrum The application of Proton NMR Identification of compound Quantitative analysis Analysis of organic group： -OH of alcohol、phenol、aldehyde、carboxylic acid Elementary analysis：total hydrogen、fluorine. Qualitative analysis Chemical Equivalence Magnetic Equivalence 讲句瘦纵叉挫僳谗书坠至湾巩化祟伙禽枢男兢宽砂实趁怯柄葱札萝靡撅锥高分子化学MR高分子化学MR 1H NMR spectrum is divided into first order spectrum and high order spectrum. First order spectrum Two conditions: （1）The ratio between the difference of chemical shift and coupling constant of two hydrogen groups must be bigger than 6, (Δ ? ／J≥6) （2）Each hydrogen group must be full magnetic equivalent nucleus. Character of first order spectrum (1)The number of splitting peak is 2nI+1(I: spin quantum number, n: number of coupling nucleus in the neighboring group). The splitting peak number of hydrogen obeys the n+1 rule. 酝刨敏邯曲