英汉翻译()转性与变态.pptVIP

Lecture Six Conversion and Change of Voice （转性与变态） 一、词类转译 在翻译时，由于两种语言在语法和表达习惯上的差异，在保证原文意思不变的情况下，译文必须改变其词类，这就叫词类转译法。这种方法不仅指词类的改变，而且还包括词类作用的改变和一定词序的改变。当然主要是指词类的变化，如原文中的名词可以转移成译文中的动词等词类。众所周知，语言是个无限生成的系统，在翻译实践中，词类转移的情况也是千变万化的。词类转译的情况归纳起来有以下四种：1、转译成动词、2、转译成名词、3、转译成形容词、4、转译成其他词类。 （一）转译成动词 1、名词转译成动词 Nouns derived from verbs. 1) An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. 熟悉一些世界史有助于学习时事。 2) His very appearance of any affair proclaims it a triumph. 在任何场合，只要他一露面。就算是成功了。 3) He urged upon citizens of the country the necessity of persisting in participation in political controversies. 他告诫全国人民，必须坚持参加政治论战。 Nouns implying an action. 1) On the walk through the city they saw breadlines. 在走过市区的时候，他们看见领救济食物的人们排着长队。 2) A view of Mt. Fuji can be obtained from here. 从这儿可以看到富士山。 3) At the thought of the mishap his legs stiffened under him and could not more step further. 一想到这场灾难，两腿就像千斤重，再也挪不动一步了。 V+er=n 1) He is no smoker, but his father is a chain smoker. 他倒是不抽烟，但他爸爸却一支接一支不停地抽。 2) He was a regular visitor. 他经常来。 3) She is a lover of Chinese painting. 她酷爱中国油画。 4) There were various possible players for the role. 可能扮演这个角色的有好几个人 Nouns in some idiomatic expressions should be converted into Chinese V. 1) He has already made mention of the matter in his speech. 他在讲演中曾提到过此事。 2) He showed with his eyes that he heard, but made no sign of assent or dissert. 他瞧了他一下，表示他听见了。但没表示同意或不同意。 3) The Party branch secretary showed great concern for the students’ health. 党支书很关心学生的健康。 4) She had high praise for Dr.. Higpan, although she complained about his strictness. 她高度赞扬了西格潘医生，但抱怨他过于严格。 5) I had another good look at the boring machine, and found a loose screw in need of adjustment. 我又仔细地检查了这恼人的机器，发现一颗松动的螺栓需要调整。 Nouns in the cognate object into double verbs. 1) He smiled a happy smile. 他愉快地微笑了一下。 2) Lets go for a walk after supper. 晚饭后咱们去散散步吧。 3) Let him sleep a peaceful sleep. 让他安安静静地睡一觉吧。 4) They fought