§4.4 齐次线性方程组解的结构.pptVIP

一、向量空间的基与维数 二、齐次线性方程组的解空间 三、基础解系及其求法 * * 那末，向量组 就称为向量　的一个 基， 称为向量空间 的维数，并称 为 维向量 空间． 定义10 设 是向量空间，如果 个向量 ，且满足 § 4.4 齐次线性方程组解的结构 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. （1）只含有零向量的向量空间称为0维向量空间，因此它没有基． 说明 （3）若向量组 是向量空间 的一 个基，则 可表示为 （2）若把向量空间 看作向量组，那末 的基 就是向量组的最大无关组, 的维数就是向量组的 秩. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. １．解向量的概念 设有齐次线性方程组 若记 （1） Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 则上述方程组（1）可写成向量方程 若 为方程 的 解，则 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 　　称为方程组(1) 的解向量，它也就是向量方程 (2)的解． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. ２．齐次线性方程组解的性质 （1）若 为 的解，则 也是 的解. 证明 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.