英汉修辞方式对比及其翻译(新)[精选].ppt

∷轭式（zeugma） 轭式修饰法（zeugma），又称轭式搭配法，指的是用一个词（通常是动词、形容词或介词）同时修饰或支配两个或两个以上的名词，但其中只有一个是合乎逻辑的搭配句式。 1.一个动词支配两个名词（宾语） She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. 她为这个无家可归的孩子打开自己的家门，也打开了自己的心扉。 He swallowed bread and butter and a spasm of emotion. 他吞下奶油面包，也咽下一阵激动。 2.两个主语搭配一个动词 During the next year, a young widow and a fortune fell in love with him. 接下来的一年里，一位年轻的寡妇爱上他，一大笔财产也跟着爱上了他 3.一个介词支配两个（或两个以上）宾语 She was seen washing clothes with happiness and Pears soap. 有人见到她在洗衣服，手拿皮尔斯肥皂，一脸的欢快。 4.一个形容词同时修饰两个或两个以上名词 The room was not light, but his fingers were. 房间光线差，可他灵活的手指却不差。 ∷顶真(Anadiplosis) 第一句结尾的字或词与第二句开头的字或词相同,这就是汉语的顶真格,英语里称Anadiplosis。 下面例(1)、例(2)的英译汉把原文的顶真格处理得相当好,既翻译了内容又移植了形式;例(3)则巧妙地利用英语的关系代词来处理原文的顶真格。 (1) Still he sought for fame…fame, that last infirmity of noble mind. 可是他仍旧追逐名气———追逐名气,这是个高尚人永远摆脱不了的弱点。 (2) He gave his life, life was all he could give. 他奉献了自己的生命,生命是他能奉献的一切。 (3)有个农村叫张家庄,张家庄有个张木匠。张木匠有个好老婆,外号叫“小飞娥”。小飞娥生了个女儿叫艾艾。 There was a village called Zhangjia Village where lived Carpenter Zhang, who had a good wife, nicknamed Little Moth, who gave birth to a girl called Ai ai. Don’t take the low-fat label as a license to eat. 不能因为食品标明低脂肪，而敞开食用。 她为其父视为掌上明珠。 The apple of one’s eyes. I wondered lonely as a cloud. 我象一朵浮云独自漫游。 脂肪储备如同银行账户里的存款，供冬天食物来源有限以及有时由于大雪深得难以获得时支取使用。 Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food suppliers are limited and some times difficult to reach because of deep snow. All the world is a stage, and all the men and women merely players. 整个世界是一座舞台，所有的男人和女人只不过是演员而已。 Every life has its roses and thorns. 人生自有甘苦。 Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. (Francis Bacon) 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则需咀嚼消化。 When a woman dresses to kill, the victim is apt to be time. 当女人着意打扮自己去迷人时，被牺牲的往往是时间。 Young men are suggested to read Shakespeare. 年轻人应该去读一读莎士比亚。 We were tired to death on reaching the peak. 我们爬到山顶后，简直要累死了。 （hyperbole） The umpire l