白细胞和疫系统.ppt

Blood, Lymph and Immune Systems Chapter 10 Blood hem/o and hemat/o plasma - 55% formed elements - 45% serum - plasma without clotting proteins Blood Cells RBC - erythrocytes - erythropoiesis WBC - leukocytes - leukopoiesis Platelets - thrombocytes - thrombopoiesis Erythrocytes erythr/o - red cyte - cell Hemoglobin - blood protein transports oxygen Reticulocyte - immature erythrocyte RBCs produced by red bone marrow Leukocytes leuk/o - white Protect the body against invasion Pass through capillary walls Granulocytes neutrophils (phagocytosis) eosinophils (allergies) basophils (promote inflammation) Agranulocytes lymphocytes (production of circulating antibodies) monocytes (macrophages) Collection of dead and living bacteria and leukocytes called pus, abscess. Thrombocytes smallest formed element made in bone marrow essential to blood coagulation If injury, blood comes in contact with any tissue other than the lining of the vessels, platelets stick together, form plug, seals wound. Chemicals released, series of reactions, formation of clot. Plasma plasma 92% water 8% plasma proteins albumin globulin fibrinogen serum - plasma without clotting proteins or fibrinogen Functions of the Immune System To protect the entire body from a variety of harmful substances pathogenic microorganisms allergens toxins malignant cells Structures of the Immune System Unlike other body systems, Immune System is NOT contained within a single set of organs or vessels Action depends on structures from lymphatic, cardiovascular, and Integumentary systems Works primarily through antigen-antibody reaction Lymphatic System Major structures lymph vessels lymph nodes lymph fluid tonsils Also spleen thymus Functions of the Lymph System lymph/o drain fluid from tissue spaces and return to it to the blood transport materials (nutrients, hormones and oxygen) to body cells carry away waste products to the blood transport lipids away from digestive system control of infection Lymph System Lymph o