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assessmentofthe1995firedetectionalgorithmusing n o a a-14（assessmentofthe1995firedetectionalgorithmusing n o 14）.doc

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Satellite Detection of Canadian Boreal Forest Fires: Development and Application of the Algorithm Zhanqing Li1,*, Serge Nadon2, Josef Cihlar1 1Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 2Intermap Technologies, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada International Journal of Remote Sensing Submission, July 1998 Revision, April 1999 * Correspondence author: Dr. Z. Li, CCRS, 588 Booth, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0Y7; Email: li@ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca; Tel: 1-613-947-1406; Fax: 1-613-947-1406. ABSTRACT This study presents a comprehensive investigation of fires across the Canadian boreal forest zone by means of satellite based remote sensing. A fire detection algorithm was designed to monitor active fires using daily AVHRR images. It exploits information from multi-channel AVHRR measurements to determine the locations of active fires on satellite pixels of about 1 km2 under clear sky or thin smoke cloud conditions. Daily fire maps were obtained showing most of the active fires across Canada (except those obscured by thick clouds). This was achieved by first compositing AVHRR scenes acquired over Canada on a given day and then applying the fire detection algorithm. For the fire seasons of 1994 to 1998, about 800 NOAA/AVHRR daily mosaics were processed. The results provide valuable nation-wide information on fire activities in terms of their locations, burned area, starting and ending dates, as well as development. The total burned area as detected by satellite across Canada is estimated to be approximately 3.9, 4.9, 1.3, 0.4 and 2.4 million hectares in 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 and 1998 respectively. The peak month of burning varies considerably from one year to another between June and August, as does the spatial distribution of fires. In general, conifer forests appear to be more vulnerable to burning and fires tend to grow larger than in deciduous forests. 1. Introduction Quantitative information about the spatial and temporal distributi