英语高一句子成分..docVIP

Lesson 1 句子成分 【教学目标】1. 复习语法句子成分，掌握句子成分的构成，为长难句的理解打基础。 2. 新题型讲解—语法填空技巧 【教学重点】学会判断句子的各个成分；在不断巩固练习的基础上熟练掌握语法填空的技巧。 定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分主要有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，补足语，同位语等。 主 语：句子的主体，全句述说的对象。一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担当，位于句首。 Smoking is bad for health. 找出下列句子中的主语 1. She went out in a hurry. 2. Tom is very tall. 3. Pride goes before a fall. 4. Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time. 2、谓语：主语的动作或状态。由动词或系动词加表语担任，常置于后。The train leaves at 6 o’clock. She is reading. This song sounds wonderful. I worked out this problem under the help of my math teacher. 动词分类： 动词的分类： ⑴ 行为动词： 不及物动词 ⑵ 系动词：be动词和感官动词 ⑶ 情态动词 ⑷ 助动词 ⑴ 简单谓语 ⑵ 复合谓语 助动词+主要动词 情态动词+主要动词 找出下列句子中的谓语 1. His writing is very beautiful. 2. Some people will do just about anything to save money. 3. You should try your best to fulfill your tasks. . 3、宾语：表示动作的对象。一般由名词代词，常置于谓语后。 He won the game. He likes playing computer.Do you know that there will be a concert of Eason in Chongqing next week. 找出下列句子中的宾语 1. Show your passport, please. 2. She didnt say anything. 3. Can you tell me the way to the nearest hospital. 4、表语：用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。一般由名词或形容词担任，置于系动词之后。 He is a student. We are tired.注意：除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词， 1)表感官的动词: 等。 2)表转变变化的动词:等。 3)表延续的动词:等。5、定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。The black bike is mine.（） The boy in blue is Jim.（） I have nothing to do today.（） 注意：1、当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing , anything , everything , something 等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语。I tell him something interesting. 2、不定式、短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。The boys who are in the room are playing games. I have something important to tell you now. 找出下列句子中的定语 1. He is a clever boy. 2. His spoken language is good. 3. Is there anyone else who wants to go with me? 6、状语：用以修饰，位置灵活。 1)、修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前； I am very sorry. 2、表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首。 In order to cheer him up, I told h