名词冠词和代词.docx

课前热身一、英语音标表：共48个 精讲精练A名词一：名词考点1 可数名词单数变复数的规则一般直接 +sbook --- books pen --- pens magazine --- magazines tree --- trees以s, x, sh, ch结尾的单词在词尾 +esclass --- classes box --- boxes bush --- bushes watch --- watches辅音 +y结尾变y为i再 +esbaby --- babies city --- cities family --- families party --- parties以o结尾的词变复数的规则（有生命则 +es，没生命则 +s）tomato --- tomatoes potato --- potatoes hero --- heroesphoto --- photos piano --- pianos zoo --- zoos kilo --- kilos radio --- radios以f（e）结尾变f（e）为v再 +esleaf --- leaves knife --- knives life --- lives shelf --- shelves wolf --- wolves thief --- thieves不规则变化man --- men woman --- women policeman --- policemen mouse --- mice child --- childrenfoot --- feet tooth --- teeth goose --- geese(鹅)由两个名词组成的复合名词常在最后一个名词变复数。如a boy student --- two boy students an apple tree --- six apple trees a shoe factory --- three shoe factories但如果第一个名词是man或woman时，两个名词都要变复数。如：a man teacher --- ten men teachers a woman nurse --- many women nurses8. 国人单复数变化请记口诀：中日不变，英法变，其他s加后边。a Chinese (Japanese) --- six Chinese (Japanese)an Englishman --- seven Englishmen a Frenchman --- twelve Frenchmenan American --- four Americans a German --- five Germans常用的单复数同形的名词请记口诀：Chinese and Japanese 喜欢吃 fish, deer, and sheep.a fish --- eight fish a deer --- a lot of deer a sheep --- twenty sheep10. 有些名词通常只有复数形式，其后谓语动词也要用复数。如：people, police, trousers, socks, glasses等The people in Guangdong are friendly and kind.The police arrive soon and catch the thief.考点2 不可数名词不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与具体数字或a, an连用，如：an advice（x）, 6 news（x）等。如果不可数名词要表示一定的数量，则在其前加数量词表示，如：a bottle of water（一瓶水），four pieces of paper（四张纸）。在这种情况下，后面谓语动词与量词有关，如：A bottle of water is not enough. But three bottles of water are OK.考点3 名词所有格s属格：有生命的名词以及表示时间、距离、国家的名词，常用s属格表示所有关系。具体规则如下：不以s结尾的名词在其后 +’s。如：Lucy’s father, Children’s Day, today’s newspaper, the boy’s room.以s结尾的名词在其后 +’。如：the girls’ desks, Teachers’ Day, the students’ homework, three minites’walk并列名词所有格：共有则在最后一名词后 +s属格，分别有则每个名词后都要 +s属格。如：Tom and Tim’s roo