高中英语 Module 4 Fine Arts-Western Chinese and Pop Arts-Grammar课件 外研版必修.pptVIP

Grammar –ing form and the infinitive 1. 作主语 (1) -ing形式和不定式都可在句中用作主语。一般情况下可以互换。 To learn a foreign language is not easy. =Learning a foreign language is not easy. 学习外语是不容易的。 (2) 表示具体的, 特定情况下的或有待于完成的动作时, 常用不定式。 ① To finish such a novel will take me several days. 读完这本小说需要花去我几天的时间。 ② It’s impossible to get to Beijing in three hours this time, because there is something wrong with our car. 看来这次三个小时是到不了北京了, 因为我们的车出问题了。 (3) 在 “It is + 形容词(如necessary) + for/ of sb. ”的结构后, 通常用不定式作真正的主语。而 “It is no use/no good/a waste of time”后通常接ing形式。 It’s quite impossible to finish the work with so little money. 用这么少的钱想完成这项工作是不可能的。 ② It’s no use asking him for help. 向他求助是没有用的。 (4) There is no 结构后只能接ing形式。There is no knowing whether he is dead or alive. 无从得知他是死是活。 2.作表语 (1) 两者都可用作表语, 而且一般情况下可以互换。 His work is to paint houses. = His work is painting houses. 他的工作就是粉刷房屋。 (2) 表示具体的, 特定情况下的, 将来的动作, 通常用动词不定式。 Our homework today is to finish the exercises 2 and 3 on page 10. 我们今天的作业就是完成第10页的练习2和3。 (3) 主语与表语通常要保持形式一致。 To see is to believe. =Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 3. 作宾语 (1) 有些动词后面只能用不定式作宾语，常见此类动词有： ask, agree, beg, decide, determine, fail, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, set out, want, wish, expect, demand ① She decided to help him. 她决定帮他。 ② As a student, he can’t afford to buy a car now. 作为一个学生，他现在买不起车。 ③ Though he was very busy, he managed to take time to attend the wedding. 虽然他很忙，还是参加了那个婚礼。 (2) 有些动词后只能接ing形式作宾语， 常见此类动词有： admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, can’t help, consider(考虑), delay, deny, endure, enjoy, excuse, escape, face, fancy, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, keep, keep on, mind, miss, mention, pardon, permit, practise, put off, risk, resist, sug