四川省专本英语全面复习资料.docVIP

代词 代词是用来指代人或事物的词。代词可分为下列八类：一、人称代词( Personal Pronouns ) we , I , you , they, us, me, etc.二、物主代词( Possessive Pronouns ) our, my ,your, their, his, her, etc.三、反身代词(Reflective Pronouns) ourselves, myself, yourselves, yourself , herself , etc.四、相互代词( Reciprocal Pronouns ) each other ,one another , etc.五、指示代词( Demonstrative Pronouns ) this , that , these , those , such , etc.六、疑问代词( Interrogative Pronouns ) what, when, who, where, whose, etc.七、关系代词( Relative Pronouns) what, when, who, where, whose , etc.八、不定代词( Indefinite Pronouns ) any , some ,every , many , much , a little , etc. 我们对代词是很熟悉的，因此我不打算逐个地介绍每一类代词；我只想较具体地说明几个在使用代词时应注意的问题。 （一）指代必须准确无误我们知道代词是用来指代人或事物的词，那么如果在使用代词时指代不清楚，就会引起他人的误解、费解、甚至不理解.例如：While carrying the paint can from the garage to the house, Marry was afraid that some of it might spill on her new skirt. 当玛莉从车库把油漆罐搬到屋里时，她担心油漆会溅到她的新裙子上。 （二）关于人称代词、反身代词、物主代词在使用这三类代词时，我们要注意它们在句中的人称、单复数、及性和格的一致性。 （三）反身代词的作用反身代词在句子中可作宾语：当它作动词宾语时，动作的执行者与承受者往往是同一个人或同一件事物；当它作介词by的宾语时，则表示强调。例：The prisoner killed himself by taking poison. 犯人服毒自杀了。He finished the work by himself. 他独自完成了那件工作。反身代词在句子中也可作同位语，用来加强名词或代词的语气,强调某人亲自、本人；这时它可能在名词、代词之后，也可能在句子末尾。例：The students will clean the classroom themselves. 学生们将自己打扫教室。I myself heard him say it . 我亲耳听他说的。 （四）物主代词形容词性物主代词只能作定语，例：My brother often does his homework in his room. 我的弟弟常在他房间里做作业。The newly-built house is our laboratory. 那幢新建的房子是我们的实验室。Anything has its character individually. 任何事物都有其各自的特征。 名词性物主代词则可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语。它的意义= 形容词性物主代词+名词；或者说它相当于名词。例：His dictionary is English-Chinese, but mine is English-English. 他的词典是英汉的，我的是全英的。We each bought a new book. Yours is about management and mine is about the American history. 我们一人买了一本书。你的是关于管理的，我的是关于美国历史的。(五)不定代词英文中主要有这样一些不定代词：every, each, both, all, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, 另外还有由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词，如：somebody, anything, nothing等。 1) both , either 和neither这三个词都可以用来指两个人或两件事物，但各自的意义都不相同：both表示两个都、eithe