美国联邦证据规则.docVIP

联邦证据规则 第一条总则 Notes 笔记 Rule 101 .第101条。 Scope范围 These rules govern proceedings in the courts of the United States and before United States bankruptcy judges and United States magistrate judges, to the extent and with the exceptions stated in rule 1101 .这些规则的国家进行的诉讼管辖联合国在法庭上和前美国破产法官和美国裁判法官，在某种程度上与所述例外的规则1101 。 Notes 笔记 Rule 102 .第102。 Purpose and Construction目的和建设 These rules shall be construed to secure fairness in administration, elimination of unjustifiable expense and delay, and promotion of growth and development of the law of evidence to the end that the truth may be ascertained and proceedings justly determined.这些规则应解释为确保公正的行政管理，消除不合理的费用和延迟，以及增长和证据法的发展，最终促进，真相可能被确定，并确定公正的诉讼。 Notes 笔记 Rule 103 . Rulings on Evidence第103条。裁决的证据 (a) Effect of erroneous ruling. （一错误的裁决）的影响。 Error may not be predicated upon a ruling which admits or excludes evidence unless a substantial right of the party is affected, and错误可能不会取决于一个裁决，承认或排除证据，除非有实质性的权利是党的影响， (1) Objection. （1）异议。 - In case the ruling is one admitting evidence, a timely objection or motion to strike appears of record, stating the specific ground of objection, if the specific ground was not apparent from the context; or - 在案件的裁决是一个承认的证据，及时反对或议案，罢工出现的记录，说明具体的反对理由，如果没有具体的理由是，从上下文明显;或 (2) Offer of proof. （二）举证优惠。 - In case the ruling is one excluding evidence, the substance of the evidence was made known to the court by offer or was apparent from the context within which questions were asked. - 在案件的裁决是一个不包括证据，该证据的实质内容是向外界提供由法院或由内而被要求方面的问题明显。 Once the court makes a definitive ruling on the record admitting or excluding evidence, either at or before trial, a party need not renew an objection or offer of proof to preserve a claim of error for appeal.一旦法院作出了关于承认纪录或排除证据或最终的裁决无论是在审判之前，当事人需要续订不反对或保留的举证提供了错误的索赔上诉。 (b) Record of offer and ruling （二）提供记录和裁决 The court may add any other or further statement which shows the character of the evidence, the form in which it was offered, the objection made, and the ruling thereon.法院可添加任何