非谓语动词之难点：分词讲解.ppt

* * 1.Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _______(seat)until the plane has come to _______ complete stop. 2.______________(Tell) many times, he finally understood the complicated problem. 3. When I visited my old house in the countryside, memory came _________(flood) back. 4. I could not do my homework with all that noise ________(go) on. 5. It is necessary to be ___________(prepare) for the interview, and ________(have) the answer ready will of great help. seated a Having been told flooding going prepared having 现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。现在分词表示“令人…的”，过去分词表示“感到…”, 如： e.g. The news was exciting. e.g. He appeared (to be )satisfied with my answer. 表语 注意 注①：过去分词作表语时，应注 意与被动结构的区别。 系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点 被动结构强调谓语动作，指主语所承受的动作 The cup is broken (状态) The cup was broken by his little sisiter (动作) 定语 ①?单独作定语，应放在被修饰的名词之前， e.g. Barking dogs seldom bite. e.g. Soon our respected and beloved leaders entered the banquet hall. ② 在更多情况下，可以用分词短语作定语，这时分词短语应放在被修饰的名词之后，在意义上也相当于一个定语从句，如： e.g. They built a highway leading into the mountains. e.g. They are problems left over by history. 注意 能够作后置定语的单个过去分词是非 常有限的，它们是concerned(有关的)used (用过的)，given(给予的)，involved(所涉及的)等。这些词也可作前置定语，但所表达的意思有所不同。 a concerned look 关切的神情 the comrade concerned 有关的 同志 a used car 旧车 the textbooks used 用过的教科书 the given time 特定的时间 the time given 给予的时间 the involved problems 复杂的问题 the problem involved 所涉及的问题 b. 表示经常性的动作, 或现在 (或当时) 的状态, (变为从句时, 用一般时态), 如： e.g. They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south. e.g. The house standing (= that stands) at the corner of the street was built in 1955. ③ 作定语的现在分词所表示的动作发生的时间有两种情况： a. 表示正在进行的动作, (变为从句时要用进行时态), 如： e.g. Tell the children playing there (who are playing there) not to make so much noise. 注意 注①：如果所表示的动作现刻正在发生，或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，可以用现在分词的被动形式来表示 e.g. We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 注②：如果所表示的是一个未来的动作，可以用一个不定式的被动形式来表示 e.g. Please tell me the subjects