前陆盆地分析-2006-第一讲中.ppt

前陆盆地分析 何登发 中国地质大学（北京） 主要内容 基本概念 构造特征 构造对沉积的控制作用 油气地质特点 中国中西部前陆盆地分析 讨论 一、基本概念 前陆，前陆盆地，前渊 前陆盆地体系 冲断带，褶皱带，前陆褶皱－冲断带 1. Terminology: foreland Foreland [coast]: (a) An extensive area of land, either high ground or low land, jutting out from the coast into a large body of water (usually the sea); a headland; a promontory. See also: cuspate foreland. (b) a prograded strip of low, flat land built by waves and currents at the base of a cliff; an initial stage in the development of a strand plain; (c) A part of the natural shore, located seaward of an embankment, that receives the shock of sea waves and deadens their force. Terminology Foreland [geog]: The land lying in front of or adjoining other land and physiographically related to it. Terminology Foreland [glac geol]: A lowland area, now or formerly covered by piedmont glaciers, or a glacio-isostatically depressed low-elevation area, which is covered with raised beach or marine deposits. Terminology Foreland [tect]: The exterior area of an orogenic belt where deformation occurs without significant metamorphism. Generally the foreland is closer to the continental interior than other portions of the orogenic belt are. Terminology Foreland 　前陆　: 造山带边缘的稳定区。前陆通常处于克拉通边缘上，其下为大陆地壳。许多前陆区在造山运动中遭受了翘曲，也附带有表层褶皱－冲断层带。造山带运动的主方向朝着前陆。造山带位于两稳定区之间，另一稳定区则称为后陆。 Terminology Foreland basin: A linear sedimentary basin at a foreland [tect]. Syn: foredeep. Terminology Foredeep: An elongate depression bordering an island arc or other orogenic belt. Cf: trench[ marine geog]. A syn. of foreland basin. A syn. of exogeosyncline, so named because of its relative position, near the craton. Terminology Terminology Foredeep 前渊，陆外渊: 与克拉通相邻的盆地，其中有隆起期间来自造山带的厚沉积物堆积，这些沉积物一般为非海相到浅海相的，通常在几百万年的沉积过程中发生了变形。 Foreland basin Price and Mountjoy (1971) were among the first to use the word “foreland fold and thrust belt” for the Canadian Rocky Mountain belt, which falls within the foreland fold and thrust belt category as defined by Macqueen